NAACP-

National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People. Foounded by William Du bois and others in 1909.

Jim Crow

Jim Crow laws were state and local statutes that enforced legal racial segregation in the American South lasting until the mid-1960s.

Racial segregation

Racial segregation in America during the 1900s was  legally enforced separation of people based on their race.

Lynching-

- The public killing of an induvial

Prohibition-

A law preventing the manufacture and sale of alcohol in the US between 1920 and 1933.

Speakeasy-

Also called the blind pig an establishment that sold illegal alcoholic beverages.

Red scare

A period of public fear and anxiety in America largely between 1919 and 1920. Its purpose was to spread the communist hate for non-white Americans.

Flappers-

Young women focussed on fun and ignoring traditional standards of behaviour by cutting their hair short and showing their legs.

Fundamentalist

fundamentalism was a Protest movement that rejected modern science and liberal theology, fighting to preserve the strict, literal truth of the Bible.

Conscientious objector-

A conscientious objector (CO) is an individual who claims the legal right to refuse to bear arms.

Sinking of Lusitania

7^th of May 1915 sunk by a German submarine resulting in the death of 1198 passengers and 128 Americans. British spies discovered telegrams from the German government promising Mexico of territories that were lost. This alliance put American western territories in danger.   The sinking of Lusitania outraged the citizens of America and brought American into WW1

Propaganda

- Information especially of a biased or misleading nature used to promote political cause or point of view.

 

Factors that supported the rise of American capitalism

Jim crow and segregation, Mass immigration, JD Rockefeller

Smoot- Hawley tariff 1930

Aimed to protect American farmers and manufactures by raising taxes on imported goods. This resulted in taxes from other nations reducing trade and worsening the depression.

Reconstruction fince corporation (RFC)

This organisation provided emergency loans to banks, railroads and other industries in the economy

The bonus army incident

Thousands of WW1 veterans marched on Washington demanding early payment of their promise bonus. The government owed 2.4 billion in compensation but not scheduled to pay

Jazz

- Jazz clubs became speakeasies havens for social mixing, challenging racial and social barrier. The clubs became of way of people coming together as one no matter what race or religion you believed in.

 

Laissez- faire

Is an economic philosophy of zero government interference in business.

Wealthy elite

1900-1950 were White Angle Saxon Protestants (WASPs) the rule favoured WASPS who had the money to invest in businesses and industries.

Impacts on the middle class

The middle class faced challenges particularly from the trusts run by the wealthy elite without government intervention to ensure often crushing smaller businesses.

Impacts on working people

Often lead to harsh conditions and exploitation of workers Without government rules to protect workers employers would pay low wages and long hours and create unsafe working conditions.

 

Impacts on immigrants and minorities

Faced discrimination in the laisses fair economy which was allowed and few laws protected them from unfair treatment. They were often forced to do dangerous low paid jobs and faced a lot of hate from other groups for stealing American jobs.

Impacts on African Americans

Refused to hire African Americans for skilled high paying jobs forcing them into low wage jobs with little security or chances of promotion. They were denied owning property or business due to discrimination and Jim crow laws.

Rugged individualism

Is the belief that individuals can and should succeed on their own, relying entirely hard work without depending on the government.

Frontiersman

Was a pioneer who lived on the edge of the wilderness, between established towns and unsettled land they were self-reliant men who carved out new lives through farming, hunting.

Economic side of WW1

After joining the war in 1917, huge federal spending shifted production to war goods, while 3 million people entered the military and 500,000 joined government work. As a result, unemployment fell sharply from 7.9% to 1.4%.

Social changes (women in the workforce)-

Millions of men were in the military so women entered the workforce in large numbers since the work was temporary many of their jobs lacked safety equipment.

Hoovers 1932 campaign

Hoover promised that the great turnaround would happen soon. He said that business would bring about an end to the depression if they were left alone and it was not the governments job to interfere.

FDR 1932 Campaign

He promised to provide more jobs, revive industry and agriculture and relief for the poor and unemployed

Stock/Shares

A document giving the owner a percentage ownership of a company and in most cases a claim to the company’s earnings property.

Margin trading

Margin trading is when an investor borrows money from a broker to buy shares, hoping the price will rise so they can sell the shares, repay the loan, and keep the remaining profit

American dream

Pursue wealth, prosperity and opportunity during the great depression.

What the economic boom brought

Mass production (cars, radios) Higher wages, Credit and instalment plans, Stock market growth

Negative side to the boom

African Americans (segregation, discrimination, low‑paid jobs), Immigrants (nativism, KKK, Farmers (overproduction, falling prices), Working class (unsafe conditions, low wages)

Nativism

- Nativism is a strong political and social belief that Favors native-born, established citizens over immigrants

1890 Sherman antitrust act

Is main aim is to curb the power of monopolistic business practise and promote fair competitions.

Stock market crash of 1929

The ensuing panic led to massive withdrawls of money from banks causing many to fail.

Environmental disasters

Over farming during the 1920s damages the ecosystem in rural communities across the USA. In the plain states the dust bowl in 1935 covered farm areas in dust which pushed many citizenries into the country increasing the number of unemployed people

Theodore Roosevelt

President- 14^th of September 1901- 4^th of March 1909

 

Party- republican

 

Took office- After the assassination of William Mckinely in 1901

 

Re-elected- 1904