General Nutrition

Nutrition is the process by which living organisms obtain __________ from food.

Nutrients necessary for growth, maintenance, and energy.

The six main classes of nutrients are __________, __________, __________, __________, ________, and __________.

Water, protein, carbohydrates, lipids/fats, minerals, and vitamins.

__________ are substances needed by the body to function.

Nutrients.

In order to survive, livestock animals require __________ from their diet to meet biological functions.

Essential nutrients.

__________ refers to the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones to release energy.

Catabolism.

__________ refers to the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy.

Anabolism.

Enzymes are proteins that act as __________ in biochemical reactions.

Catalysts.

A __________ is an inactive precursor of an enzyme that requires activation to become functional.

Proenzyme/Zymogen.

The __________ is the cavity within a tubular structure such as the digestive tract.

Lumen.

__________ digestion involves enzymes produced by the organism itself.

Autoenzymatic.

__________ digestion involves enzymes produced by other organisms or sources.

Alloenzymatic.

Nonstructural CHO (___) are your ________ and _________. They are ______.

NCHO, sugars, startches, easy to digest

Structural CHO (___) are your _____ and _____. They are ______ __ ________

SCHO, fiber, cellulose, resistance to digestion

Protein contains _____, and macromolecule are made of _____ _____.

nitrogen, amino acids

Proteins MUST be absorbed by ______ ______.

small intestine

Lipids contain ___ ______ _____ and are ______ in organic solvents

two fatty acids, soluble

Animals can die from malnutrition.

minerals

Common macro minerals are…..

Ca, P, Na,Cl, K, Mg, S(AA)

Common micro minerals are….

Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Se, Mo, Co, I, Fl

Vitamins are __ _______ and ____ _____ of KADE

water soluble, fat soluble

Enzymes are made from _______

proteins

Biological catalyst ______ rate of a reaction

increase

Metabolism is

the sum of biochemical reactions in body

When you are working out, you use

Catabolic Reactions

When you are recovering from workout, you are using

Anabolic Reactions

What contains N and amino acids?

Protein

What is inorganic and can die from malnutrition?

minerals

What is enzymes made out of?

proteins

Digestive Physiology

how animals digestive tract is built and their ability to extract nutrients from feedstuff

Pigs and horses stomach is ________

auto enzymatic

Pigs and horses SI tract are both _________. However, ____ use _____

auto enzymatic, pigs, SCHO

Pigs and horses LI are both ___________. However ______ use SCHO

allo enzymatic, horses

Cattle reticulorumen, stomach, is _____ ___________.

allo enzymatic fermentation

Cattle stomach, abomasum, is _______

auto ezymatic

Cattle SI is ______

auto enzymatic

Cattle LI is ______

allo enzymatic