Unit 3: Information and Communication Technology Skills-I & Components of a Computer System

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering ICT definitions, tools, mobile features, software applications, hardware components, and CPU structures based on the chapter notes.

Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

An acronym for devices, networking components, applications, and systems that allow people and organisations to interact in the digital world.

ICT Tools

Technological tools that facilitate the creation, dissemination, storage, and management of information and communication, including traditional media like radio/TV and modern devices like smartphones and networks.

Smartphone

A mobile device used to communicate by voice and text, create documents, and surf the internet, typically featuring a screen size of $6.3$ to $6.5\text{ inches}$.

Tablet

A touch screen enabled small computer that is easy to handle and maintain, commonly featuring screen sizes of $11\text{ inches}$, $12\text{ inches}$, and $14\text{ inches}$.

Apps (Software Applications)

Software programs on mobile devices that perform specific functions, accessible via icons on the home screen.

Gestures

Physical touch inputs used to interact with a mobile touchscreen, such as tap, double tap, tap and hold, drag, swipe, and pinch.

Interactive Whiteboard (IWB)

A large, usually white display screen connected to a computer that allows educators to display digital interactive content and write on it.

E-reader

A mobile electronic device designed primarily for reading digital e-books, capable of holding thousands of books while weighing less than one.

E-mail

Short for electronic mail; a fast digital message sent via the internet to a unique user address.

E-commerce

Online commercial activities including marketing, browsing, shopping, and order processing over the internet.

Computer

An electronic device that performs tasks by executing given instructions with speed, accuracy, storage capacity, and versatility, though it cannot think on its own.

Hardware

The physical electronic and mechanical components of a computer system that can be touched and felt.

Motherboard

The main circuit board inside a computer that connects the input, processing, and output devices.

Ports

The slots or channels into which hardware devices (such as keyboard, mouse, monitor, and hard disk) are connected.

Input Unit

Devices (such as keyboard, mouse, scanner) used to feed data into a computer by translating user commands into binary code.

Output Unit

Devices (such as monitor, printer, speakers) used to display processed output to the user.

Soft Copy

An unprinted output displayed on a screen or monitor.

Hard Copy

A physical output printed on paper.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The main unit or microprocessor of a computer, built on a silicon piece with millions of transistors, which controls all internal/external devices and executes instructions.

Gigahertz (GHz)

The unit of measurement used to determine CPU clock speed based on the number of instructions executed per second.

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

The CPU component that executes mathematical calculations and logical condition tests on operands.

Control Unit (CU)

The component of the CPU that directs signals, extracts instructions, and manages the operation of all other computer components.

Memory Unit (MU)

The unit of a computer system responsible for storing data and instructions.

Register

A very small data holding place inside a computer processor that stores an instruction, storage address, or data.

Basic Organisation of a Computer Diagram

A block diagram showing the flow of data and instructions between the Input Unit, CPU (Control Unit, ALU, Memory/Registers), Secondary Storage, and Output Unit.

Computer System vs Human Being Comparison

A comparison showing how computer units parallel human body parts, such as Input Unit to eyes/ears, ALU/Memory Unit to brain operations/storage, CU to brain body control, and Output Unit to voice/actions.