CH17 Thermodynamics
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17 Terms
Hess’s law definition
total enthalpy change for a chemical reaction is the same whatever route is taken.
Standard conditions
298K and 100,000Pa
standard molar enthalpy change of formation definition
the enthalpy change when 1 mole of compound is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions with all reactants and products in stadard states
standard molar enthalpy change of combustion definition
the enthalpy change when 1 mole of substance is completely burnt in oxygen
standard enthalpy change of atomisation definition
the enthalpy change which accompanies the formation of 1 mole of gaseous atoms from the element in its standard state in standard conditions
First ionisation energy definition
standard enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms is converted into a mole of gaseous ions with +1 charge.
second ionisation energy definition
the loss of of a mole of electrons from a mole of singly positive charged ions.
first electron affinity definition
the enthalpy change when a mole of gaseous atoms is converted into a mole of gaseous ions each with a single negative charge.
lattice enthalpy of formation definition
the standarf enthalpy change when 1 mole of solid ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions.
latice enthalpy of dissociation definition
enthalpy change when 1 mole of solid ionic compound dissociated into its gaseous ions.
enthalpy of hydration definition
the enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous ions is converted into aqueous solution
enthalpy of solution definition
enthalpy change when 1 mole of sollute dissolves completely in sufficient solvent to form a solution in which the molecules are far apart enough to not interact with each other.
mean bond enthalpy definition
the enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous molecules each breaks a covalent bond to form two free radicals.
ionic bonding definition
the strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Born-haber cycle definition
a thermochemical cycle that includes all enthalpy changes involved in the formation of an ionic compound.
Entropy (S) definition
a measure of the disorder of the particles in a system and how energy and particles are arranged.
Covalent character definition
the distortion of the electron cloud of an anion (negative ion) towards a cation (positive ion) in an ionic compound