Machine Proficiency Test

S word

Change the RPM or spindle speed

F word (example: F5.0)

Change the feed rate

Absolute Mode (G90)

Moves the tool to a specific coordinate based on your zero point

Incremental Mode (G91)

Moves the tool by a certain distance based on your current location

Edit

Type of operation mode that allows programs to be modified

Auto (memory / auto)

Type of operation mode that lets you loads G-Code program to machine parts automatically. The axes are move by CNC memory.

MDI (Manual Data Input)

Type of operation mode that allows to manually create commands such as adding new lines of code

Zero Return

Type of operation mode that allows to send the machine to its reference (home) position

Jog

Type of operation mode that lets you move the axes manually. Hands-on control

Optional Block Skip/Block Delete

On/off switch works in conjunction with a slash code in the program

Optional Stop

On/off switch works in conjunction with an M01 in the program

Single Block

On/off switch that makes the control activate one command in the program at a time and then stop

Dry Run

On/off switch that lets the machine execute its programmed toolpath without any cutting or turning on the spindle

Feed Rate Override

Switch that lets you control the machine’s movement rate during cutting commands

Cycle Start

Button that activates the CNC program

Feed Hold

Button used to temporarily stop the CNC cycle

Cycle Start

Button that will reactivate the CNC program after temporary stoppage

Reset

Button that will clear data in the look-ahead buffer after a temporary program stoppage

Emergency Stop

Button to turn off power to the machine tool

Program Page

Display screen page that lets you see the CNC program

Offset Page

Display screen page that lets you enter tooling related data

Position Page

Display screen page that lets you see the axis data

Alarm Page

Display screen page when the CNC control determines a problem

Program Check Page

Display screen page that lets you see a real-time data of distance-to-go (how much further a tool must travel to complete its command block) and machine position in the current CNC command

Decreasing the compensation value

Pushes the tool closer to the part, leaving larger cuts

Increase compensation value

Pushes the tool away from the part, leaving smaller cuts

tool length compensation

automatically adjusts the machine’s Z axis to account for the exact length of different cutting tools

cutter compensation

the machine automatically compensates for the radius of the tool.

spot facing

drilling operation used to create a smooth, flat, and level surface around a pre-drilled hole

trepanning

drilling operation used for drilling large hole diameters

counterboring

drilling operation used for drilling a hole for a head cap screw

countersinking

drilling operation used for drilling a hole for a flat head screw

prick punch

tool used for scribing lines before cutting or drilling

edge finder

tool used for accurately locating the edges or the center of a hole

drill chuck

clamping mechanism on a drill, mill, or lathe that holds your tooling or workpiece

Formula for chip load per tool

IPR = IPT * Z (# of Flutes)

Formula for IPM (inches per minute)

RPM (speed) * IPT (chip load) * Z (# of flutes)

Formula for RPM (Spindle Speed)

SFM * 3.82 / D

Formula for SPM (surface per minute)

(RPM x D) / 3.82

Formular for IPT (inches per tooth)

(IPM / RPM) / Z (# of flutes)

Following types of end mills capable of plunge cutting a hole

Two fluted end mill and four fluted center cutting end mill

The hand dial found on the table of a vertical milling machine has a resolution of

0.001

Distance the table should move to align the center of the edge finder to the edge of the workpiece

R = D/2

Table of a vertical milling machine rest on is the

saddle

Houses the spindle, motor, and gear trains

head

provides main support for the head of the mill

column

G00

g-code that rapid positions without cutting

G01

g-code that moves the tool in a straight line

G03

g-code that moves cutter in a counterclockwise arc

G04

g-code to pause the machine

tapping

Process of creating threaded holes in a workpiece