U.S. History: Early Republic, Reform, and Jacksonian Democracy (FINAL VERSION)

What 1803 land deal doubled U.S. territory, and who explored it from 1804–1806?

Louisiana Purchase (1803) and Lewis and Clark's Corps of Discovery

What revolution made Haiti independent in 1804 and helped lead Napoleon to sell Louisiana?

French Emperor Napoleon and the Haitian Revolution (1791–1804)

Who published an 1829 appeal condemning slavery and racism and urging Black resistance?

David Walker, Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World (1829), and Black Abolitionists

Which founder wrote Notes on the State of Virginia, enslaved Sally Hemings, and expressed racist views?

Thomas Jefferson, Notes on the State of Virginia (1784), Sally Hemings, and Race

What vision favored independent farmers, limited government spending, and reduced military funding?

Agrarian Vision (Jeffersonian Vision) of the United States

What idea encouraged women to educate children in republican values after the Revolution?

Republican Motherhood

Who led U.S. forces at the 1811 battle against Native warriors associated with Tecumseh?

General William Henry Harrison and the Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)

Which Shawnee leader sought Native unity while his brother promoted a spiritual revival?

Tecumseh, the Pan-Indian Movement, Tenskwatawa, and Spiritual Revival

What faction of Creek people resisted U.S. expansion and fought in the Creek War?

Red Sticks (Creek Indians)

Which general defeated the Red Sticks at Horseshoe Bend in 1814?

General Andrew Jackson and the Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814)

What British practice of forcing sailors into naval service angered Americans before the War of 1812?

Impressment

Which Kentucky politician led congressional War Hawks demanding action against Britain?

Speaker of the House Henry Clay and the War Hawks

Which president led the United States during its 1812–1815 war with Britain?

President James Madison and the War of 1812

Who wrote the poem after seeing the American flag survive Britain's attack on Fort McHenry?

The Bombardment of Fort McHenry, Francis Scott Key, and The Star-Spangled Banner

What 1814 peace treaty ended the War of 1812 without major territorial changes?

The Treaty of Ghent (1814)

What meeting of New England Federalists opposed the War of 1812 and damaged their party's reputation?

Hartford Convention (1814)

What 1823 policy warned European powers against new colonization or interference in the Americas?

The Monroe Doctrine (1823)

What economic plan combined a national bank, protective tariffs, and internal improvements?

The American System

Who helped establish a successful water-powered cotton-spinning factory in Rhode Island?

Samuel Slater and the Textile Industry

Who invented a machine that removed cotton seeds, expanding Southern cotton production and slavery?

Eli Whitney, the Cotton Gin, and the Cotton Kingdom

Who made commercial steamboat travel practical with the Clermont in 1807?

Robert Fulton and the Steamboat (1807)

Who helped develop the electric telegraph and Morse code, revolutionizing communication?

Samuel F. Morse, the Telegraph, and the Communications Revolution

Who patented a mechanical grain-harvesting machine in 1834?

Cyrus McCormick and the Grain Reaper (1834)

Who developed a commercially successful steel-bladed plow in 1837 for prairie soil?

John Deere and the Steel-Bladed Plow (1837)

Who developed a process that made rubber more durable and useful in manufacturing?

Charles Goodyear and Vulcanized Rubber (1844)

What anti-immigrant attitude targeted newcomers, especially Irish Catholics, in the 1800s?

Nativism and Irish Immigration

What labor movement demanded that the working day be reduced to ten hours?

Ten-Hour Movement

Which Massachusetts textile workers organized for shorter hours, with Sarah Bagley as a leading activist?

Lowell Mill Girls, Sarah Bagley, and the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association

What 1819 Supreme Court case protected Dartmouth College's private charter from state interference?

Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819)

What 1842 case ruled that labor unions were not automatically criminal conspiracies?

Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)

What Supreme Court case strengthened federal authority over interstate commerce and steamboat navigation?

Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

What 1819 Supreme Court case upheld implied federal powers and ruled states could not tax the national bank?

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

What 1832 Supreme Court case ruled that Georgia could not impose its laws on Cherokee territory?

Worcester v. Georgia (1832)

What controversy and 1820 agreement addressed slavery's expansion and the balance between free and slave states?

Tallmadge Amendment and the Missouri Compromise

Which president promoted expanded political participation for white men while supporting Native American removal?

Andrew Jackson and Jacksonian Democracy

Which Kentucky senator was known as the Great Compromiser and promoted the American System?

Senator Henry Clay, the Great Compromiser (Kentucky)

Who was the sixth U.S. president and lost the popular vote in the 1824 election?

John Quincy Adams (Massachusetts)

What election ended with the House choosing John Quincy Adams, leading to accusations of a corrupt bargain?

Election of 1824 and the Corrupt Bargain

Which South Carolina politician supported states' rights and argued that states could nullify federal laws?

John C. Calhoun and the Nullification Crisis

Who was nicknamed the Little Magician and became involved in the Peggy Eaton social scandal?

Martin Van Buren and the Petticoat Affair (Peggy Eaton Affair)

Which Cherokee leader opposed forced removal and fought for Cherokee rights through legal and political action?

Chief John Ross and the Cherokees

Who led the Second Bank of the United States during its conflict with Andrew Jackson?

Nicholas Biddle, the Bank War, Pet Banks, and the Second Bank of the United States

Which Whig presidential candidate used a frontier image of log cabins and hard cider in 1840?

William Henry Harrison and the Log Cabin and Hard Cider Campaign

Who became president after Harrison's death and was nicknamed His Accidency?

John Tyler, His Accidency or Man Without a Party

What political era featured competition between Democrats and Whigs?

Second Party System (Democrats versus National Republicans or Whigs)

What economic crisis began in 1837, during a period of financial instability and restrictions on purchasing federal land with paper money?

Panic of 1837 and the Specie Circular

How did voting rights expand for white men while women and many Black Americans remained excluded?

Race and Suffrage