maybe test maths prep

Numerical Discrete Variable

A variable that can be counted using whole numbers, with no values in between (e.g., number of goals scored, number of pets).

Numerical Continuous Variable

A variable that can take any value within a range and is measured rather than counted (e.g., race completion time, weight, distance).

Nominal Categorical Data

Data that is divided into named groups or categories with no inherent order or ranking (e.g., travel methods like walk, bus, car).

Ordinal Categorical Data

Data divided into categories that have a natural, logical order or scale (e.g., satisfaction ratings from 1 to 5).

Mean

The statistical average calculated by adding all data values together and dividing by the total number of values.

Median

The middle value in a data set when the numbers are arranged in ascending order; it represents the 50th percentile.

Mode

The value or values that appear most frequently in a given data set.

Modal Class Interval

The specific interval or category bin in a grouped data frequency table or histogram that has the highest frequency.

Range

The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in a data set, used to measure basic spread.

At Least (Frequency Tables)

A condition meaning "equal to or greater than" a certain value when summing frequencies (e.g., at least 3 sessions).

Histogram

A graphical display of data using adjacent vertical bars to show the frequency of continuous numerical data intervals.

Dot Plot

A simple statistical chart where individual data points are marked with dots above a categorical or numerical axis.

Back-to-Back Stem-and-Leaf Plot

A display that shares a central stem to show the leaf values of two different datasets on either side for easy direct comparison.

Consistency in Statistics

A characteristic of a dataset determined by its spread; a lower range means data points are closer together and more consistent.

Outlier

An extreme data value that is significantly higher or lower than the rest of the data, which often pulls the mean away from the median.

Distribution Shape

The visual pattern or profile of a dataset when graphed, described by its symmetry, uniformness, or skewness.