BIOM3010 Midterm #1

What is this?

Femur

What is this?

Patella (kneecap)

What is this?

Tibia

What is this?

Tarsals

What is this?

Metatarsals

What is this?

Phalanx/Phalanges

Comparative anatomy involves the five senses. What is the more specific term for touch?

Palpation

What is xenotransplantation?

Genetically modified organs for use in humans.

Which direction is this?

Cranial

Which direction is this?

Caudal

Which direction is this?

Dorsal

Which direction is this?

Ventral

Which direction is this?

Superficial

Which direction is this?

Deep

Which direction is this?

Rostral (head only term)

Which direction is this?

Caudal

Which direction is this?

Proximal (limb only term)

Which direction is this?

Distal (limb only term)

What plane is this?

Sagittal (midline/median) Plane

What planes are these?

Parasagittal Plane

Which direction is this?

Lateral

Which direction is this?

Medial

What plane is this?

Transverse (cross sectional) Plane

What plane is this?

Frontal Plane

Which pair of limbs are these?

Pectoral (fore) Limbs

Which pair of limbs are these?

Pelvic (hind) Limbs

Which cavity is this?

Abdominal/Peritoneal Cavity (contains urogenital & most of digestive system)

Which cavity is this?

Thoracic Cavity (contains lungs & heart)

What is this?

Cephalized (cranial cavity) (contains brain & special sense organs)

The body is _______ symmetrical.

bilaterally

Which cavity contains urogenital & most of the digestive system?

Abdominal/Peritoneal Cavity

Which cavity contains the lungs & heart?

Thoracic Cavity

What contains the brain & special sense organs?

Cephalized (cranial cavity)

What is this?

Diaphragm

What are ‘potential’ spaces?

Space between organs in a body cavity. Under healthy conditions, the organs are touching with only serous membrane between them.

What is serous membrane?

A lubricant between surfaces in a cavity. More specifically, a continuous layer of cells that produces a watery fluid.

What are these?

‘Potential’ Spaces

What is this?

Serous Membrane

Which cavity is this?

Thoracic Cavity

Which cavity is this?

Abdominal/Peritoneal Cavity

What is this?

Diaphragm

What is the name for serous membrane in the thoracic cavity?

Pleura

What is the name for serous membrane in the abdominal/peritoneal cavity?

Peritoneum

What is parietal membrane?

Serous membrane that lines the sides/boundaries of a cavity.

What is visceral membrane?

Serous membrane that lines the organs within a cavity.

What is this?

Parietal Pleura

What is this?

Parietal Peritoneum

What is this?

Visceral Pleura

What is this?

Visceral Peritoneum

What is the thoracic cavity bounded by?

Vertebrae, ribs, sternum and diaphragm.

What is this?

Diaphragm

What are these?

Ribs

What are these?

Thoracic Vertebrae

What is this?

Sternum (breastbone)

What is this?

Diaphragm

What is this?

Visceral Pleura

What is this?

Pleural Cavity

What is this?

Parietal Pleura

Where do pleural cavities reside?

Within the thoracic cavity.

What is the mediastinum?

Potential space formed by parietal pleura, which is called mediastinal pleura. It resides within the thoracic cavity.

What is mediastinal pleura?

Parietal pleura that forms the mediastinum.

What does the mediastinum contain?

Heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus and thymus.

What is this?

Mediastinum

What is connecting peritoneum?

Double folds of peritoneum suspending an organ, which contains blood vessels and nerves.

What is this?

Connecting Peritoneum

What is this?

Visceral Peritoneum

What is this?

Parietal Peritoneum

What is this?

Falciform Ligament (liver’s connecting peritoneum)

What is the name of the liver’s connecting peritoneum?

Falciform Ligament

What is this?

Greater Omentum (stomach’s connecting peritoneum)

What is this?

Lesser Omentum (stomach’s connecting peritoneum)

What is the name of the stomach’s connecting peritoneum?

Greater/Lesser Omentum

What is this?

Mesentary (intestines’ connecting peritoneum)

What is the name of the intestines’ connecting peritoneum?

Mesentary

What is this?

Sternum

What is this?

Rib

What is this?

Lumbar Vertebrae

What is this?

Aortic Hiatus

What is this?

Caval Foramen (caudal vena cava)

What is this?

Central Tendon

What is this?

Esophageal Hiatus (esophagus)

What is integument?

Skin

What are the functions of integument?

Protection, sensory detection, secretion, fat storage, thermoregulation and communication.

What are some specialized derivatives of integument?

Hair, footpads, claws, nail, hooves, baleen (in some whales), armadillo osteoderms and rhinoceros horn.

What is this layer called?

Epidermis

What is this layer called?

Dermis

What is this layer called?

Hypodermis

Which integument layer is made up of multiple layer of squamous (flat) cells?

Epidermis (no blood vessels or nerves and surface cells are shed, while deepest cell layer undergoes continual renewal)

Which integument layer has no blood vessels or nerves?

Epidermis

Which integument layer is dense connective tissue (cells and extracellular products)?

Dermis

Which integument layer contains hair follicles and glands?

Dermis

What contains many blood vessels/nerves and supplies nutrients to the epidermis?

Dermis

What is a key mammalian innovation?

Integument (hair)

Which hairs are thick/long/stiff, form the outer protective coat and are associated with arrector pili muscles?

Guard Hairs

Guard hairs are associated with which muscle and gland?

Arrector Pili Muscle, Sebaceous Gland

Which hairs are thin/short/sort, form the inner insulating coat, vary in thickness with season and are associated with guard hairs?

Wool Hairs

Which hairs are thicker than guard hairs, have a follicle surrounded by nerve endings, provide sensory tactile information and are mostly located on the face?

Vibrissae (whiskers)

What are the different types of vibrissae (whiskers)?

Supraorbital, rhinal, mystacial and labial.

Which glands are coiled and have varied distribution?

Sweat Glands

Which glands are modified sweat glands and produce milk (watery mixture of fats, carbohydrates and proteins)?

Mammary Glands