this earth science shi is for science Olympiad (hopefully)

this is new and not copied from the og so it is pretty different i think

Earth Science

the study of Earth and its processes.

Geology

The study of Earth’s rocks, minerals, and structure.

Meteorology

The study of weather and the atmosphere.

Oceanography

The study of Earth’s oceans.

Astronomy

The study of space and objects beyond Earth.

Mineral

A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a specific chemical composition.

Rock

A naturally formed solid made of one or more minerals.

Fossil

Preserved remains or traces of ancient life.

Plate Tectonics

The theory that Earth’s crust is divided into moving plates.

Tectonic Plate

A large piece of Earth’s lithosphere that moves slowly.

Earthquake

The sudden shaking of Earth’s crust caused by movement underground.

Volcano

An opening where magma, ash, and gases reach Earth’s surface.

Magma

Molten rock beneath Earth’s surface.

Lava

Molten rock that reaches Earth’s surface.

Weather

The short-term condition of the atmosphere.

Climate

The long-term pattern of weather in an area.

Atmosphere

The layer of gases surrounding Earth.

Hydrosphere

All of Earth’s water, including oceans, lakes, and groundwater.

Biosphere

The part of Earth where living things exist.

Geosphere

The solid parts of Earth, including rocks and soil.

Water Cycle

The continuous movement of water through Earth’s systems.

Erosion

The movement of rock and soil by wind, water, ice, or gravity.

Weathering

The breaking down of rocks at Earth’s surface.

Sediment

Small pieces of rock, soil, or organic material.

Soil

The loose upper layer of Earth’s surface where plants can grow.