Prenatal ASSESSING & genetic testing

What is a screening?

A test used to detect something

What is a diagnostic test

A test used to DIAGNOSE

What are the five types of prenatal ASSESSMENTS

• fetal kick counts

• Non-stress test

• Stress test

• Biophysical profile

• Amniocentesis

How, do you do fetal kick counts? What is GOOD and what is BAD

counting fetal kicks within 1 hour

• BAD = less than 10 in 2 hours

• GOOD = more than 10 in 2 hours

How does a Non-stress test” work? what two things are you looking for?

You look at the Fetal HR monitor and looking for reactive or Non-reactive

What is the difference between NON-reactive and a REACTIVE showing on a non-stress test?

REACTIVE = there are 2 acceleration and moderate variability

NON-REACTIVE = there are NO accelerations & NO moderate

How is a biophysical profile completed? what FIVE things are you looking for?

ultrasound of baby; tone, movement, amount of amniotic fluid, & breathing

How is a biophysical profile scored? what gets an added 10 points? (if present)

0-2 pts and if there is a reactive on fetal HR

What is a contraction stress test? How does it work?

Looking at fetal Hr during contractions

what is a BAD contraction stress result?

What is a GOOD contraction test result?

BAD - late decel

Good - NO Decels

Genetic testing, tests for which types of chromosomes?

21, 18 & 13

an extra chromosome on 21 means what?

DOWN syndrome

What does a “soft marker” mean in a screening?

it COULD be there but needs a diagnostic test to confirm

Dominant genetic disorder, means only ________ gene is needed to have the genetic disorder.

ONE

Recessive menas ________ genes are needed to have the genetic disorder

TWO

list the THREE genetic SCREENING tests?

Cell-free DNA

Fetal Translucency

Quad screenings

How is a cell-free DNA test completed?

Take the mom’s blood and test it

How is a fetal Nuchal translucency test completed?

An ultrasound of baby. measures the amount of amniotic fluid in neck

How is a Quad screening completed? What are you specifically testing for?

Take mom’s blood and test it for neural tube defects

How is the CVS (chronic) Villus Sampling completed?

Take a sample of placental DNA and test it

At how many weeks do you complete a CVS, Cell-free DNA, and fetal translucency?

hint: all the same weeks

10-13 weeks

Say, mom tests neg for Rh factor, what must you add BEFORE a CVS or Aminocentesis?

RHOGAM

When is the ONLY instance a diagnostic test is used?

When a screening test is positive

How is an aminocentesis done?

Take a sample of amniotic fluid and test it

Is an amniocentesis a SCREENING or DIAGNOSTIC test?

Diagnostic

How many weeks are an amniocentesis or quad-screening done?

both around the same time, two days apart for minimum

14 or 16 - 18 weeks