Mary Vocab Exam 2

active listening

Communication technique that requires the listener to feed back what is heard by restating or paraphrasing; to confirm what was heard and to confirm the understanding of both parties

affect

a feeling or emotion

attending skills

ability to elicit information from others and listen intently to responses

benign pain

Temporary occurrence of discomfort that is not associated with new tissue damage; characterized as dull and generalized with no swelling or localized tenderness.

biopsychosocial perspective

The view that biological, psychological (e.g., thoughts, emotions, behaviors), and social factors all play a significant role in human functioning in the context of disease or illness

cognitive appraisal

interpretation of a situation

decoding

process of interpreting meaning from the symbolic codes used to send a message

empathy

Being sensitive to and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, or motives of another person.

encoding

process of putting an intended message into symbolic code (e.g., words, gestures, facial expressions) that can be observed

feedback

A verbal or nonverbal response or reaction to a message received.

healing cycle

Cycle of recovery characterized by ups, downs, plateaus, and setbacks.

healing imagery

Focusing attention on a target visual stimulus to produce a specific physiological change that can promote healing

injury pain

occurence of pain that signals actual or potential tissue damage

listening

perception and understanding of auditory signals

message

a thought, feeling, or idea that is conveyed to another person

noise

internal and external barriers that prevent effective delivery on getting messages from the sender to the receiver

nonverbal communication

expression of throughts, feelings, or ideas without the use of words

one-way communication

communication process focused exclusively on getting messages from the sender to the receiver

open posture

an open stance in which arms and legs are not crossed in any way

paralanguage

vocal characteristics associated with communication

paraphrasing

process of restating what was understood in a message back to the sender

proxemics

communication expressed through the space between people as they interact

rapport

the harmonious or synchronous relationship of two or more people who relate well to each other

receiver

person to whom a sender conveys a communicated message to

reframing

changing the way one views a situation by consciously choosing to attend to different aspects of the situation

sender

a person who wishes to convey a message to another

two way communication

a bidirectional sharing of information between the sender or receiver

verbal communication

use of written or spoken messages to convey a thought, feeling, or idea

arousal

psychological or physiological state of being alert

depersonalization

being detached from oneself

derealization

feelings of unreality

holistic

related to healing; a holistic approach includes all parts of the healing system- the mind and the body- in the healing process

mood

emotional state

paresthesias

numbness or tingling sensations

proactively

acting in advance to deal with an expected difficulty; anticipatory

subclinical

the early stages or a very mild form of a condition

suicidal ideation

serious thoughts about committing suicide

tolerance

reaction to a drug is progressively reduced thereby requiring an increase in concentration to achieve the desired effect

withdrawl

symptoms that occur due to the decrease or discontinuation in intake of drugs

allodynia

extreme sensitivity to an innocuous stimulus (light touch or cold); pain from sunburn is example

anterior cingulate cortex

frontal part of cingulate cortex in the brain; plays a role in cognitive functions such as reward anticipation, decision making, empathy, and emotion

cerebral cortex

a part of the brain that plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness

hyperalgesia

hieghtened sensation response to noxious stimulus

hypothalamus

A part of the brain responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system (including body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sleep, and circadian cycles)

limbic system

a complex set of brain structures that lies on both sides of the thalamus; supports a veriety of functions including emotions, behavior, and long-term memory

nociception

the process of pain sensation by the nociceptors

nociceptors

sensory neurons that respond to potentially damaging stimuli by sending nerve signals to the spinal cord and brain

noxious

an actually or potentially tissue damaging event

pain perception

conscious interpretation of nociceptive stimulus as pain

pain sensation

stimulus is recieved by the neurvous system

pain spasm cycle

Pain that causes vasoconstriction and muscle spasm, which, in turn, causes more pain, which, in turn, exacerbates the cycle; sometimes referred to as the pain-spasm-pain cycle

periaqueductal gray

a role in the descending modulation of pain

somatic

of the body

somatosensory cortex

the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch

stress induced analgesia

a reduction in pain sensitivity during stress conditions

thalamus

a part of the brain that relays sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and regulates consciousness, sleep, and alertness

athlete centered care

providing individualized care to an athlete

help seeking

involves the willingness to ask for assistance from identified resources, such as those with whom athletes feel comfortable seeking help and advice

matching hypothesis

involves matching the available social support to the social support needs of the athlete

self-efficacy

confidence in one’s ability to perform a particular task in a specific situation

social support

includes the feeling or sense of being supported by others, the act of supporting others, and social integration

sport ethic

socially defined criteria for consideration as an athlete in competitive sports