post test food animal

All of the following statements about urolithiasis are true except

Obstructive urolithiasis is not commonly experienced in females

A common location for urethral obstruction is at the sigmoid flexure

High grain diets are largely responsible

Nutritional management should include attaining a urine pH greater than 7.2 in order to minimize stone formation

Nutritional management should include attaining a urine pH greater than 7.2 in order to minimize stone formation

The process of transferring rumen microflora from one animal to another is referred to as

transfaunation.

oral translocation.

rumenotomy.

microbial transplant.

transfaunation.

In which direction can a horse kick?

All of the above

Directly behind itself

To the front of itself

To its side

All of the above

When transfusing whole blood into a horse

Always perform a major and minor cross-match

It is best to use commercially available products

The first 50 mL should be administered as quickly as possible

Do not draw more than 5% fo the donor horse's blood

Always perform a major and minor cross-match

Bleeding from the nose

Epidural

Epistatic

Epistasis

Epistaxis

Epistaxis

Swine wallow in mud to:

Thermoregulate

Remove parasites

Forage for food

Prevent sunburn

Thermoregulate

Colostrum for emergency use can be stored

Frozen up to 12 months

Frozen up to 24 months

Refrigerated up to 3 months

Refrigerated up to 24 hours

Frozen up to 12 months

A causative agent of rhinopneumonitis is:

Aspergillus spp

Equine herpes virus

Streptococcus equi

None of the above

Equine herpes virus

Which of the following local anesthetic procedures would not be used for a standing flank laparotomy in cattle?

Paravertebral block

L block

Cornual nerve block

Field block

Cornual nerve block

Deficiencies of ______________ in a horse's diet can cause poor wound healing and hair loss.

Magnesium

Selenium and vitamin E

Copper

Zinc

Zinc

Horses are which of the following?

Ruminants

Carnivores

Omnivores

Hindgut fermenters

Hindgut fermenters

Orogastric intubation is sometimes necessary for a variety of reasons. The length of the tube is measured from the nose to which of the following?

Medial Canthus

8th rib

Thoracic inlet

13th rib

13th rib

The most common reason for lameness in the horse is

Pain

Mechanical interference without pain

Abnormal stance or gait

Neurologic

Pain

Large animals in lateral recumbency during general anesthesia should be positioned on a padded surface with the

upper forelimb pulled forward.

lower forelimb pulled forward.

upper forelimb pulled back.

lower forelimb pulled back.

lower forelimb pulled forward.

The cannon bone in the foreleg of a horse is found between the

Stifle and hock

Knee and fetlock

Elbow and knee

Stifle and tarsus

Knee and fetlock

Bar magnets are administered orally to cattle to prevent which disease?

Blue tongue

Lumpy jaw

Listeria

Hardware

Hardware

Which disease is NOT vaccinated for routinely in horses?

Rabies

Eastern or western equine encephalomyelitis (EEE/WEE)

Tetanus

Equine infectious anemia

Equine infectious anemia

Calf scours is common among young dairy and beef calves and is characterized by:

Hyperthermia

Muscle weakness

Diarrhea

Hyperglycemia

Diarrhea

Treatment of free gas bloat in ruminant patients includes all of the following except:

Administration of calcium

Exercise restriction

Rumen trocarization

Passing an orogastric tube

Exercise restriction

Which of the following types of castration is bloodless and involves crushing the spermatic cord through the skin without making an incision?

Emasculatome

Emasculator

Elastrator

Chemical castration

Emasculatome

Pinkeye or contagious conjunctivitis in cattle is caused by:

Hemophilus aegypti

Streptococcus pyogenes

Moraxella bovis

Staphylococcus aureus

Moraxella bovis

Heat mount detectors across the back of a cow that are activated cause a color change. What does this indicate?

Playful interactions

Anestrus

Standing heat

Food consumption

Standing heat

What is an average amount of water intake per day for a full-sized horse?

5-15 L/day

20-30 mL/day

20-30 gal/day

20-30 L/day

20-30 L/day

How long should feed be withheld for the horse undergoing general anesthesia?

6 hours

Feed should not be withheld

12 hours

4 hours

12 hours

When administering fluids via nasogastric tube to a horse, do not exceed ___________ liters of fluid every 30 to 60 minutes.

2

6

4

8

8

In order for passive antibody transfer to occur, the foal must ingest sufficient quantities of colostrum in the first ______________ of life.

24 hours

2 weeks

18 hours

2 days

18 hours

For heart auscultation, the dorsal landmark of the heart in horses and cattle is the ____________, and the ventral landmark is the _________________.

Olecranon, shoulder joint

Shoulder joint, caudal border of the triceps

Shoulder joint, olecranon

Olecranon, caudal border of triceps

Shoulder joint, olecranon

What device is used to restrain cattle?

Halter

Chute

Nose lead

Nose ring

Chute

Pyrexic cows experiencing bovine respiratory disease syndrome commonly have a temperature of:

99.0-101.5°F

104.0-107.0°F

100.0-102.2°F

96.8-99.0°F

104.0-107.0°F

The normal respiratory rate for an equine patient is:

28-44 bpm

6-16 bpm

140-220 bpm

60-160 bpm

6-16 bpm

Because neonatal foals are highly sensitive to hypothermia, efforts to warm the foal should begin at a rectal temperature of

101.5⁰F

99⁰F

100⁰F

102.5⁰F

100⁰F

When should horses receive vaccines for encephalomyelitis viruses?

Spring, before mosquito season

Autumn, before the first freeze

Before breeding

At 3 months of age

Spring, before mosquito season

Pleuropneumonia in horses occurs when:

Bacterial infections spread from the plural space to lung tissue.

Bacterial infections spread from lung tissue to the pleural space.

Viral infections spread from the plural space to lung tissue.

Viral infections spread from lung tissue to the pleural space.

Bacterial infections spread from lung tissue to the pleural space.

A respiratory disease that produces swelling of abscesses of the submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes is known as:

Viral arteritis

Strangles

Herpes

Equine Influenza

Strangles

All of the following are distraction techniques for an equine patient except:

Rocking an ear

Hand twitch

Tail jacking

Skin roll

Tail jacking

The normal pulse rate in sheep and goats is

28 to 44 bpm

40 to 80 bpm

60 to 90 bpm

70 to 90 bpm

70 to 90 bpm

With respect to food-producing animals, why is it recommended to perform intramuscular injections in the lateral cervical region?

The cervical muscles have a larger blood circulation, which aids in the immune response.

There are no structures in the neck that can be damaged by an intramuscular injection.

The cervical muscles are easily discarded and not considered an economically favorable cut.

The cervical muscles are very large and provide a bigger area for intramuscular injections.

The cervical muscles are easily discarded and not considered an economically favorable cut.

Contagious ecthyma is a common viral disease of small ruminants that is zoonotic. What is this disease also known as?

Sore mouth

Both a and b

Orf

Sorf

Both a and b Sore mouth and orf

How many teeth should an adult horse have?

40 to 42

24 to 26

42 to 44

38 to 40

40 to 42

Hardware disease in ruminants is also known as:

Polioencephalomalacia

Grain overload

Rumen tympany

Traumatic reticuloperitonitis

Traumatic reticuloperitonitis

First milk containing antibodies

Colostomy

Colostrum

Colitis

Collagen

Colostrum

An animal receiving parenteral nutrition should

Have an IV catheter placed

Not attempt to eat around the tube

Be watched closely for reflux from the nostrils

Be watched closely for coughing

Have an IV catheter placed

Clinical signs of West Nile encephalitis include:

Bilateral nasal discharge

Hypoesthesia

Mandibular lymph node swelling

Ataxia

Ataxia

Rumen tympany is also referred to as:

Rumenitis

Tetany

Bloat

Lactic acidosis

Bloat

Straining to urinate

Dyspnea

Stranguria

Dysphagia

Serous

Stranguria

The "blind spot" for horses is:

To the right of their heads

Between their eyes

To the left of their heads

Below their noses

Below their noses

__________ is a highly fatal neurologic disease in horses, characterized by a stiff, stilted gait, hyperexcitability, seizure, and coma.

Equine degenerative myelopathy

Tetanus

West Nile

Herpes

Tetanus

Which species is not routinely castrated as a neonate?

Ovine

Caprine

Camelids

Bovine

Camelids

A hair whorl ____________________ of a horse would not be useful for the purposes of identification.

Along the jugular grooves

In the region of the trachea

Along the crest of the neck

On the forehead

In the region of the trachea

All of the following are examples of viral equine encephalitis except:

Pacific

Western

West Nile

Eastern

Pacific

Which of the following breeds of goats is a dairy breed whose distinguishing characteristic is very small ears?

LaMancha

Pygmy

Cashmere

Nubian

LaMancha

During which phase of the lactation cycle would ketosis commonly be seen in a freshened cow?

Phase 2

Phase 3

Phase 4

Phase 1

Phase 1

A system of mating in which a sow in estrus is placed in a pen with one boar, under the watchful eye of the producer is

Individual breeding

Hand mating

Pen mating

Harem mating

Hand mating

The most accurate method for estrous cycle determination in the mare is

Vaginal cytology

Vaginal examination

Rectal palpation

Diagnostic ultrasound per rectum

Diagnostic ultrasound per rectum

In ruminants, the path of feedstuff through the stomachs is

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

Reticulum, rumen, abomasum, omasum

Reticulum, rumen, omasum, abomasum

Rumen, reticulum, abomasum, omasum

Rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum

The normal temperature for an equine patient ranges from:

99-101.5 degrees Fahrenheit

96.8-102.5 degrees Fahrenheit

96.8-99 degrees Fahrenheit

101.5-102.5 degrees Fahrenheit

99-101.5 degrees Fahrenheit

When performing venipuncture on the jugular vein in cattle

Soaking the venipuncture site with 70% isopropyl alcohol before drawing blood is performed exclusively for disinfection

Direct the needle either cranially or caudally

Distend the vein by pressing the thumb firmly into the jugular groove

If you must kneel to access the vein, place both knees firmly on the ground to help stabilize the syringe

Direct the needle either cranially or caudally

An equine that is about to turn 1 year old is referred to as a:

Yearling

Filly

Weanling

Foaling

Yearling

Small ruminants are considered highly susceptible to enterotoxemia and should be vaccinated every _________ months.

10

6

12

3

6

The normal pulse for an equine patient is:

16-32 bpm

60-160 bpm

140-220 bpm

28-44 bpm

28-44 bpm

Slow or difficult labor or delivery of a newborn

Dysplasia

Dysuria

Dystocia

Dystrophy

Dystocia

What is the FAMACHA system used to evaluate?

Parasite treatments

Parasite identification

Parasite burden of individual animals

Parasite burden of infected herds

Parasite burden of individual animals

What are the main tools of equine restraint?

Only a and b

Halter

Nose twitch

Lead rope

Only a and b twitch and halter

Freeze branding

Kills the melanocytes but spares the hair follicles

Kills the hair follicles, producing a hairless scar

Cannot be used on gray horses

Destroys the hair pigment but spares the melanocytes

Kills the melanocytes but spares the hair follicles

Which of the following is not considered a causative agent in bovine respiratory disease?

Johnes

IBR

Pasteurella spp.

Haemophilus spp.

Johnes

Which of the following organisms is responsible for ringworm in cattle?

Trichophyton verrucosum

Microsporum canis

Epidermophyton floccosum

Microsporum gypseum

Trichophyton verrucosum

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding milk fever?

It usually occurs as a result of hypercalcemia.

It usually occurs in the first 48 to 72 hours after calving.

It usually occurs in high-producing animals.

It usually corrects itself quickly with medical intervention.

It usually occurs as a result of hypercalcemia.

In large animals, vaccinations are routinely given

intradermally.

subcutaneously.

intramuscularly.

intravenously.

intramuscularly.

Surgical incision into the abdominal wall

Enterotomy

Laparotomy

Gastrotomy

Laceration

Laparotomy

Ringworm is caused by which of the following?

Protozoa

Worm

Bacteria

Fungus

Fungus

During gestation, a mare should gain _______________ of her body weight.

20%

15%

10%

5%

10%

The average gestation period in the horse is

140 to 160 days

276 to 295 days

330 to 345 days

335 to 365 days

330 to 345 days

Healthy mucous membranes should be

bright yellow.

bright red.

pale pink.

pink and moist

pink and moist

Which of the following breeds of goats is all white or cream color and is known for its milk-producing ability?

Boer

Saanen

Angora

Spanish

Saanen

When a procedure needs to be performed and requires the cow to remain lateral for a length of time, a method of casting can be used. Always place cattle in _____________ lateral recumbency to monitor for signs of bloat.

Right

Left

Right

Which of the following mastitis tests is performed by the plant receiving the milk shipped from the farm?

Strip cup examination

Somatic cell counts

Wisconsin mastitis test

California mastitis test

Wisconsin mastitis test

Which of the following vaccines is not given to all adult camelids?

Rabies

Clostridium vaccines

Rhinopneumonitis

Leptospirosis

Rabies

A horse's tail can indicate its attitude. What does a horse do with its tail when it is afraid?

Held straight down

Tightly clamped

Held with an arch

Wringing or circling

Tightly clamped

For which of the following diseases in sheep and goats is a vaccine not available?

Toxoplasmosis

Leptospirosis

Botulism

Chlamydophilosis

Toxoplasmosis

Farmers and ranchers comprise less than 1% of the U.S. population, but they produce approximately ___________ of the world's meat and _________________ of the world's fluid milk.

15%, 40%

22%,32%

12%, 22%

40%, 25%

22%,32%