Political Participation, Rights, and Social Support Systems Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes on political participation, civil rights, civic duty, and social support systems.

participation

The act of taking part in an event or activity.

accountability

The obligation of a government or authority to account for its actions and accept responsibility.

to originate from

To come from, derive, or stem from a specific source or root word.

to exclude sb from sth

To prevent or shut someone out from participating in an activity, place, or group.

to apply to

To concern, affect, or be relevant to a particular person or group.

authority

An official government agency, department, or administrative body.

to implement

To introduce something or put a system, measure, or policy into effect.

parliament

The legislative body of a nation's government, such as the Bundestag in Germany.

to pass a law

To officially approve and enact legislation through a legislative body.

eligible

Having the necessary qualifications or meeting the legal conditions to do something, such as voting.

to ban

To officially forbid, prohibit, or exclude someone or something.

flaw

A defect, fault, or imperfection in someone or something.

campaign

A planned sequence of actions or organized protests aimed at achieving a specific political or social outcome.

lobbying

The practice of private companies or interest groups influencing government policy for their own benefit.

to threaten

To state an intention to inflict harm or endanger someone or something.

biased

Unfair because it only considers or shows one side of an argument or situation.

compulsory

Required by law or rules; obligatory (the opposite of optional).

persecution

Cruel, hostile, or unfair treatment of individuals or groups, such as for religious or political reasons.

representative

A person chosen or elected to speak, vote, or act on behalf of others.

to oppose

To disagree with, resist, or stand against something (the opposite of to welcome or support).

civil liberties

Basic individual rights and freedoms protected by law; equivalent to civil rights.

congress

A formal assembly or national legislative body.

in need

Requiring help, assistance, or financial support.

hardship

Severe suffering, deprivation, or economic difficulty.

welfare

Money and/or services you get from the state or an organisation when you are in need.

mutual

Shared, felt, or done equally by two or more people.

to access

To gain entry to, reach, or make use of a system or service.

healthcare

The system or medical services provided to maintain physical and mental health.

to ensure

To make sure or guarantee that a condition or situation is safe or fulfilled.

essential

Extremely important, vital, or necessary.

insurance

An arrangement providing financial protection or coverage against loss, harm, or illness.

due to

Because of; as a result of.

contribution

An amount of money, effort, or resources given to help achieve or pay for something.

funds

Financial resources or money provided by an organization or government for a specific purpose.

benefit

The money given by the government to people who need financial help, for example because they cannot find a job.

welfare state

A political system in which the government pays for healthcare and other social benefits for its citizens.

poverty

The state of lacking sufficient money or resources to live at a standard level; living below the poverty line.

unemployment benefit

Payments made by a government to a person who has lost his or her job.

tax

A compulsory financial fee levied by a government on income, goods, or services.

nutrition

The process of obtaining or providing food necessary for health and growth.

to tend to do sth

To have an inclination or tendency to behave in a particular way.

vulnerable

Weak and easily hurt.

to evolve

To develop gradually over time.

approach

A method of dealing with a situation or a problem.

duration

The length of time that something continues or lasts.

policy

A set of principles or a planned course of action adopted by a political party or government.