Class 7 Social Science: Types of Governments and Fundamental Principles of Democracy

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on Class 7 Social Science study notes covering government types, elections, accountability, fundamental principles of democracy, and functions of government.

Representative

A person chosen to act or make decisions on behalf of another person or group.

Absolute Monarchy

A form of government in which the monarch has complete control and is not bound by council advice, such as in Saudi Arabia.

Dictatorship

A system of government where one person or a small group holds absolute power without constitutional or legal limits, such as military rule under Idi Amin in Uganda.

Universal Adult Franchise

The democratic principle that grants every citizen above a certain age the right to vote and choose their representatives.

Accountability

The democratic principle stating that the government is answerable to the people who elected them and can be changed through elections if performance is inadequate.

Uttaramerur Inscriptions

Historical inscriptions from the Chola period showing that members of the village sabhā were removed immediately if found corrupt.

Equality

A fundamental principle of democracy ensuring everyone is treated equally, has equal access to education and health, and is equal before the law.

Freedom

A fundamental democratic principle allowing citizens to make their own choices and express their opinions.

Fundamental Rights

Essential rights protected in a democracy, including equality, freedom of speech and expression, and protection against exploitation.

Independent Judiciary

A core democratic institution that protects rights and ensures laws are followed by both citizens and the government.

Legislative Function

The primary function of government concerned with making rules.

Executive Function

The function of government concerned with implementing rules and administering the country.

Judicial Function

The function of government responsible for ensuring that rules are followed.

Rājadharma

The principles and duties within whose limits kings in ancient India were expected to rule.

Vajji Mahājanapada

An early republic where leaders were chosen based on merit rather than birth.

Parliamentary Democracy

A form of government, such as in India, where the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers are also members of the legislature.