chem unit 11

solubility

being soluble in a solvent

solubility

amount of solvent that can be dissolved

miscible

two liquids that are soluble in each other

immiscible

two liquids that are not soluble in each other

aqueous solution

solution where the water is the solvent

soluble

substance that dissolves in a particular solvent

insoluble

substance that does NOT dissolve in a particular solvent

polarity

distribution of electrons in a covalent compound

non polar

even distribution of electrons in a covalent compound

polar

uneven distribution of electrons in a covalent compound

polar

water is ____ solvent

ionic and polar covalent

water will dissolve in what

non-polar

ccl4 is a ____ solvent

non polar

ccl4 dissolves in what

polar and nonpolar

alcohol will dissolve what

ionic compounds characteristics

metal + nonmetal & only polyatomic ions

polar covalent characteristics

formulas starting with H
both non metals
ending in “OH”
ending in “-ol”

non polar covalent compounds

both non metals
ends in “ane, ene, yne”
diatomic elements
oils

nonpolar, polar

soap/detergent dissolves _____ grease in ____ water

electrolyte

substance that dissolves in water. soluble ionic compounds and acids. conducts electric current

non-electrolyte

does not create an electric current. substance dissolves in water. covalent compounds and sugars, NOT acids

dissociation

positive and negative ions pull apart from each other but the solvents. ions give solutions the ability to conduct electricity. (more ions, the more conductive solution is)

solvation

process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution

unsaturated

can dissolve excess solute, remains unsaturated when heated, solids do NOT appear when cooled, less dense

saturated

cannot dissolve excess solute, becomes unsaturated when heated, solids appear when cooled, more dense