3. Anterior Abdominal Wall including Inguinal Canal & Hernias

Xiphoid process

costal margin

anterior superior iliac spine

pubic tubercle

inguinal ligament

What are the red lines?

Midclavicular lines

What are the yellow lines?

subcostal line

What are the purple lines?

Intertubercular line

1

R hypochondrium

2

epigastrium

3

L hypochondrium

4

R lumbar

5

umbilicus

6

L flank

7

R iliac fossa

8

suprapubic/hypogastium

9

L iliac fossa

parietal peritoneum

transversalis fascia

Rectus abdominis

Trilaminar Muscles

What does the Trilaminar Muscles include?

External/internal oblique / transversus abdominis

Pyramidalis

Nerve supply for external oblique

iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal nerves

Nerve supply for internal oblique

iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal nerves

Nerve supply for Transversus abdominis

iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal nerves

action of Transversus abdominis

Increases intra abdominal pressure

Action of Internal oblique

Flexion & rotation of trunk, increases intra abdominal pressure

Action of external oblique

Flexion & rotation of trunk, increases intra abdominal pressure

What is this diagram of?

External oblique

What is this diagram of?

Internal oblique

What is this diagram of?

Transversus abdominis

What is this diagram of?

Girdle formation

What are the green lines?

IO aponeuroses

What are the yellow lines?

TA aponeuroses

What are the red lines?

EO aponeuroses

Origin of Rectus Abdominis

Pubic symphasis & pubic crest

Origin of Pyramidalis

Front of pubis and pubic symphasis

Nerve supply of Rectus Abdominis

T6-T12 / iliohypogastric & ilioinguinal

Nerve supply of Pyramidalis

T12

Superior epigastric artery

Intercostal arteries

Lumbar arteries

Deep circumflex iliac arteries

Inferior epigastric artery

Superficial epigastric vein

Lumbar veins

Lateral thoracic vein

Anterior axillary lymph nodes

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Where is the Superficial inguinal ring located?

above and medial to pubic tubercle

What is the yellow triangle

superficial inguinal ring

What is the inguinal canal?

natural opening / parallel to inguinal ligament / extends from DIR to the SIR

Definition of Hernias

protrusion of part of the abdominal contents beyond the normal confines of the abdominal wall (snell)