2.9 Cellular Energy and Respiration

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

It releases energy stored in glucose, converting it into ATP for use in cellular activities.

What is the analogy used to describe ATP, glucose, and lipids (fats) in relation to energy transactions?

ATP = $1 | Glucose = $50 | Lipids = $100

What are the three reactants for aerobic cellular respiration?

Glucose, oxygen, and water

In addition to the three reactants for cellular respiration, what “uncharged” molecule in the cell is needed?

ADP

What is the analogy used to explain the relationship between ADP and ATP?

ADP is like a partially charged battery, while ATP is like a fully charged battery.

What is the difference between ATP and ADP?

ATP has one more phosphate group than ADP, making it a higher energy molecule.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

How many molecules of ATP are generated from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration?

~32 ATP

For Eukaryotic organisms, in which organelle does cellular respiration take place?

Mitochondria

What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Photosynthesis converts solar energy into glucose, while cellular respiration converts glucose into usable energy (ATP).

What is anaerobic respiration?

Cellular respiration that occurs in environments with little to no oxygen

What happens to glucose levels in the body during exercise?

Glucose levels decrease as it is used for energy during physical activity.

Which organisms need to perform aerobic cellular respiration?

All living organisms

Which organisms rely upon anaerobic cellular respiration, and cannot do aerobic?

Some bacteria and yeast

Which statement is true about anaerobic cellular respiration when compared to aerobic?

Anaerobic is faster, doesn’t require oxygen, produces fewer ATP

Endurance vs sprinting: if you’re exercising at a rate where your breathing (and oxygen intake) cannot keep up, what happens?

Your body uses anaerobic respiration, leading to lactic acid buildup and fatigue.

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP