GEB 3213 Exam 1 (Trammell)

What is culture?

Coherent, learned, shared view of a group of people about life concerns that ranks what is important, furnishes attitudes about what things are appropriate, and dictates behavior

What are the 3 keys to understanding culture?

1. Attitudes

2. Behaviors

3. Values

What are stereotypes vs prototypes?

Stereotype- mental representation of other people and culture that fits into specific pre judge behavioral patterns (rigid)

Prototype- Examine person using stereotyped information, but this approach allows flexibility and can leave room for differences in individuals

What is High Context culture vs Low Context culture?

High Context- relies on minor details to communicate necessary info (rank, setting, nonverbal). Value personal relations and goodwill. Trust is established first, through slow, ritualistic negotiations

Low Context- relies on words spoken in a message to deliver and understand communicated info. Value expertise and performance. Fast and efficient negotiations

What the 5 High highest Context cultures and 5 Lowest Context cultures?

High

1. Japanese

2. Chinese

3. Korean

4. Middle East

5. Latin America

Low

1. Swiss

2. German

3. Scandinavia

4. North America

5. France

What is Denotation vs Connotation (Meaning Types)?

Denotation- dictionary definition

Connotation- contextual associations (preferred)

What Abstract vs Concrete Noun types?

Abstract- conceptual nouns such as emotions

Concrete- tangle, physical things (preferred)

What are some issues with words in foreign countries?

-False cognates

-Translation of phrases may have different meaning

What are 3 types of Company language?

1. Ethnocentric Staffing- primary language used for multinational business will be same no matter the official location (prevalent but now deemed insensitive)

2. Polycentric Staffing- managers are hired from their host country

3. Geocentric- manager at each location must be there best person for job regardless of cultural background (BEST)

Is Collaborative writing common with business reports?

Yes

What are the 3 purposes of business writing?

1. Inform

2. Persuade

3. Collaborate

What are the audiences and how many support points are needed?

Primary and secondary audience

3-4 primary points to support main idea

What are 4 things to keep in mind while writing the document?

1. Make main point clear towards beginning

2. Do not include irrelevant info

3. Present in logical fashion

4. Include all important details

What is Style?

Word choice, sentence length, and tone create style

US business writing is North American Journalism style" concise, quick, direct, few adjectives and adverbs with short words/sentences. Formal

What are 5 things to avoid in business writing?

1. Humor is risky

2. Don't be over friendly

3. Be yourself

4. Don't use flattery

5. Don't preach or brag

What are the 3 important characteristics of word choice is business writing?

1. Powerful

2. Familiar

3. Bias Free

What are deadwood phrases?

"in the event that" = if

"at this point in time" = now

What do you do with infinitives?

Change them to gerunds

"to allow" = allowing

What are some general writing tips?

Kill long noun sequences and keep key words together

Use paragraphs with transitions, topic sent, and support

PROOFREAD

What is a Sentence Fragment?

Incomplete sentence. lacks a subject (noun) or predicate (verb), or uses a subordinating conjunction (needs an independent clause)

What is a Simple sentence?

One subject and one verb

What is a Compound Sentence?

2 simple sentences combined by " , and " or " ; "

What is a Complex Sentence?

Simple Sentence and a Dependent Clause, needs a " , " to connect them

What is a Comma Splice?

Compound sentence lacking a coordinating conjunction (and, or, but, so, for, etc)

What is a Run on Sentence?

2 Independent clauses combined without proper glue. Either make it 2 sentences or use a complex sentence

What are coordinating conjunctions?

For

And

Nor

But

Or

Yet

So

What are subordinating conjunctions?

When, if, because, while, unless, until, etc

When starting sentence with subordinating conjunction, need comma

What is a conjunctive adverb and what is the proper glue?

Terms like anyway, however, furthermore, finally, etc

"......; however, ......." when there are 2 independent clauses. If there is just 1 independent clause. use commas only

What is a modifier and how can it be dangling or misplaced?

Word or phrase that describes something in detail. Mistakes include modifying the wrong thing by:

1. Verb begins phrase

2. Phrase follows a preposition

3. Dangling infinitive phrase "to"

4. Elliptical Phrase

5. Phrase tack on at end of sentence

What is the Active voice vs Passive voice?

Active (2/3)- Perform, seek, write

Passive (1/3)- is performing, was seeking, are writing

What are Camouflaged verbs?

Nouns that sound like verbs "Undertook implementation" is an example. Change to "implement"

What are the 2 writing approaches?

Direct

-Main Pt first

-Then details

-Best for routine messages

Indirect

-Explain

-Main Pt

-Best for bad news or persuasion

What are the 2 sides of the brain?

Left: analytical, logical, math based (IQ)

Right: creative, associative, abstract (EQ); star performers have high EQ

What are the 4 components of Group Dynamics and the positive and negative impact?

1. Forming

2. Storming

3. Norming

4. Performing

Can be Cognitive (+) or Affective (-)

What approach should be in the job search?

Target savvy approach (customize how you apply)

NETWORKING

What are the 3 Transferable Skill types?

1. Skill with people

2.Skill with Info, data, ideas

3. Skill with machines, technology

What are the steps to building a resume?

1. Research

2. Make Resume (reverse chronology)

-contact info

-objectives

-education

-experience

-activities/honors

What are the 3 major no's of resume?

1. High school info

2. Using I or Me

3. Complete Sentences

What is an Application Letter and how is it used?

Complements targeted resumes that indicate how you're fit for the position

What are some interviewing basics?

Arrive early and dress nice

Pay attention to nonverbal cues

What are some formatting suggestions for resumes?

Headings and name in 15-18 pt font with SANS serif, bold, all caps

Body text should be 10-12 serif font

School, location, date attended(expected graduation)

majors and minors (maybe GPA and coursework)

How should the experience section be organized?

Name, Location, Dates, Position Tile

Resume phrases starting with strong verbs. 3 bullet points for each position

What is the Fog Index?

Formula to determine grade level of reading difficulty based on syllables and sentence length

US business should be 8-11th grade