MODULE 2 - MB 1

A

Which of the following pair of amino acids

undergoes direct deamination?

A. Serine and Glycine

B. Threonine and Glycine

C. Glycine and Alanine

D. Serine and Threonine

A

Claviceps purpurea is a fungus which

infects crop plants. Arrange the process of

infection.

I. Some of the hyphal strands produce

asexual spores, known as conidiospores,

which become suspended in a viscous,

sugary liquid, known as honeydew

II. Insects are attracted to this honeydew

and carry it and the spores to other host

plants, where the process is repeated.

III. Spores comes into contact with the

ovary of a grass, frequently rye, where it

germinates, forming hyphal strands that

penetrate into the host tissue.

IV. The hyphae eventually form a mass

of tissue known as a mycelium, which

supplants the ovary.

V. Honeydew is secreted by the mycelium.

A. III-IV-I-V-II C. IV-V-I-II-III

B. III-IV-I-II-V D. III-V-I-II-IV

C

The process of synthesis of glucose and

other carbohydrate molecules from simple

precursors.

A. Glycogenesis

B. Gluconeogenesis

C. Photosynthesis

D. Lipolysis

A

Glycolysis: EMP pathway; Photosynthesis:

__________

A. Calvin cycle

B. Tricarboxylic acid cycle

C. HMP shunt

D. Krebs cycle

C

What is the product of light reaction?

A. ADP and NADH C. ATP and NADPH

B. ATP and Glucose D. ADP and NADPH

D

The site of the Calvin cycle reactions

A. Cytosol C. Nucleus

B. Mitochondria D. Chloroplast

A

During the Krebs Cycle, which step directly produces GTP,

which can be converted into ATP?

A. Succinyl CoA → Succinate

B. Succinate → Fumarate

C. Isocitrate → α-ketoglutarate

D. α-ketoglutarate → Succinyl CoA

B

8. The following are products of Krebs cycle.

A. 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 and 1 ADP

B. 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 and 1 GTP

C. 2 NADH, 2 FADH2 and 2 ADP

D. 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 and 2 GTP

B

Which intermediate of the citric acid cycle is used for the

synthesis of heme?

A. α-Ketoglutarate

B. Succinyl-CoA

C. Fumarate

D. Oxaloacetate

C

10. Which step in the Krebs cycle involves substrate-level

phosphorylation?

A. Oxaloacetate to Citrate

B. Isocitrate to α-Ketoglutarate

C. Succinyl-CoA to Succinate

D. Malate to Oxaloacetate

C

The conversion of isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate is possible

because of what chemical reaction?

A. Oxidative carboxylation

B. Reductive carboxylation

C. Oxidative decarboxylation

D.Reductive decarboxylation

D

An amino acid relevant to the production

of heme.

A. Alanine

B. Cysteine

C. Leucine

D. Glycine

A

Arrange the process of curing of Vanilla.

I. Upon developing correct moisture level

and aroma, the pods are laid in the open

air, alternating between sun and shade,

driving out moisture without overly

drying the pods.

II. The soaked pods are wrapped in woolen

blankets in the day and packed in wool-

covered boxes at night until the pods

lose 70-80% of their original weight.

III. The ripe vanilla pods are dipped into

warm water for about 3 minutes

IV. The pods are then graded and tied into

bundles stored and sealed in closed

boxes (e.g. tin containers) for shipment

V. The fruits are collected as they ripen

to a yellow color, 6 to 10 months after

pollination.

A. V-III-II-I-IV

B. I-II-III-IV-V

C. II-III-V-IV-I

D. V-III-I-II-IV

C

Complete the general enzyme reaction

scheme:

E + S ⇆ ES →___

A. E+S

B. E-S

C. E+P

D. E-P

B

This tradionally used herbal plant is used

to aid cough, stomach ulcers, and has

been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory

properties.

A. Vitex negundo

B. Glycyrrhiza glabra

C. Foeniculum vulgare

D. Blumea balsamifera

B

The Lineweaver-Burke plot below is typical

for a substrate with what type of inhibitor? 1.4

*See graph in pdf*

A. Competitive

B. Non-competitive

C. Uncompetitive

D

The source of thebaine

A. P. somniferum

B. P. mirabilis

C. P. aeruginosa

D. P. bracteatum

B

Which of the following is the catalytic

strategy exhibited by chymotrypsin?

A. Achievement of a high absolute rate of

reaction, suitable for disintegration with

other rapid physiological processes

B. Promotion of a reaction that is

immeasurably slow at neutral pH

C. Utilize free energy released when ATP is

hydrolyzed

D. Attainment of a high degree specificity

A

Quinine is from a plant family called:

A. Rubiaceae C. Berberidaceae

B. Apocynaceae D. Labiatae

C

The consumption of this traditionally

herbal plant would cause an additive effect

when taken with OHAs.

A. Psidium guajava

B. Allium sativum

C. Momordica charantia

D. Blumea balsamifera

C

The Cori cycle primarily involves the

conversion of:

A. Glucose to pyruvate in muscle cells and

lactate to glucose in the liver.

B. Lactate to pyruvate in muscle cells and

glucose to lactate in the liver.

C. Glucose to lactate in muscle cells and

lactate to glucose in the liver.

D. Pyruvate to lactate in muscle cells and

lactate to pyruvate in the liver.

C

Which of the following enzymes is involved

in the "committed step" of glycolysis?

A. Hexokinase

B. Phosphoglucoisomerase

C. Phosphofructokinase-1

D. Pyruvate Kinase

A

At the end of glycolysis, three two-carbon

fragments are produced.

A. Not true

B. Not false

C

Which step in the glycolysis pathway

produces NADH?

A. Conversion of glucose to glucose-6-

phosphate

B. Conversion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and

dihydroxyacetone phosphate

C. Conversion of glyceraldehyde

3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

D. Conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to

pyruvate

C

In the glycolysis pathway, which enzyme

is responsible for the first ATP-generating

step via substrate-level phosphorylation?

A. Hexokinase

B. Phosphofructokinase-1

C. Phosphoglycerate kinase

D. Pyruvate kinase

A

Fats are chemically classified as:

A. Ester

B. Carboxylic acid

C. Aldehyde

D. Ketone

B

Eicosanoids are chemically classified as:

A. Ester

B. Carboxylic acid

C. Aldehyde

D. Ketone

B

Cytosine and Guanine are bonded by

three hydrogen bonds while Adenine and

Thymine are bonded by two hydrogen

bonds.

A. Not true

B. Not false

B

A nucleoside is composed of a nitrogen

base, a sugar and a phosphate, while a

nucleotide is composed of a nitrogen base

and sugar.

A. Not true

B. Not false

C

The following codons halts translation

except:

A. UAG

B. UAA

C. AUG

D. UGA

B

Glucose + Fructose + Glucose

A. Stachyose

B. Melezitose

C. Gentianose

D. Maltotriose

A

The following are trisaccharides, except?

I. Stachyose III. Gentianose

II. Melezitose IV. Maltotriose

A. I only

B. I & II

C. III only

D. III & IV

D

Test for aromatic amino acids

A. Biuret

B. Ninhydrin

C. Hopkins-Cole

D. Xanthoproteic

B

Using this test, proline would manifest a

yellow color.

A. Biuret

B. Ninhydrin

C. Hopkins-Cole

D. Xanthoproteic

B

The following amino acids shows positive

test result to lead acetate test:

I. Ala III. Lys

II. Met IV. Cys

A. I, II

B. II, IV

C. III, IV

D. II, III

B

Most amino acids often found in nature are

in what form?

A. Dextrorotatory

B. Levorotatoy

C. Racemate

D. NOTA

A

Most monosaccharides often found in

nature are in what form?

A. Dextrorotatory

B. Levorotatoy

C. Racemate

D. NOTA

D

Special secretory tissue present in Pine

trees.

A. Vittae

B. Glandular hairs

C. Parenchymal cells

D. Schizogenous and lyzigenous passages

D

The volatile oils of orange are secreted from:

A. Vittae

B. Glandular hairs

C. Parenchymal cells

D. Schizogenous and lyzigenous passages

B

40. The structure below is classified as:

*Check pdf for structure*

A. Indole alkaloids

B. Tropane alkaloids

C. Isoquinoline alkaloids

D. Alkaloidal amines

C

41. The structure below is classified as:

*Check pdf for structure*

A. Indole alkaloids

B. Tropane alkaloids

C. Isoquinoline alkaloids

D. Alkaloidal amines

B

This class of alkaloids are widely known

for their ability to inhibit parasympathetic

effects.

A. Indole alkaloids

B. Tropane alkaloids

C. Isoquinoline alkaloids

D. Alkaloidal amines

A

Odd one out:

A. Pilocarpine

B. Ergotamine

C. Physostigmine

D. Lysergic acid diethylamide

B

An anti-malarial and anti-arrhythmic

alkaloid.

A. Quinine C. Colchicine

B. Quinidine D. Ergotamine

B

The following are liquid alkaloids except:

A. Coniine C. Nicotine

B. Codeine D. Sparteine

B

Purine alkaloids, except:

I. Cola III. Coffee

II. Coca IV. Tea

A. I, II C. III, IV

B. II only D. IV only

B

Tropane alkaloids, except:

A. Cocaine C. Atropine

B. Codeine D. Hyoscyamine

A

Camellia sinensis belongs to which class of

alkaloids?

A. Purine

B. Tropane

C. Alkaloidal amine

D. Steroidal

C

Test for the presence of caffeine

A. Marquis

B. Mandelin

C. Murexide

D. Thalleoquin

B

A development of purple color in Marquis

test indicates the presence of:

A. Purine

B. Opium

C. Tropane

D. Strychnine

D

Test for quinine

A. Marquis

B. Mandelin

C. Murexide

D. Thalleoquin

B

Turpentine oil can be isolated via:

A. Steam distillation

B. Water distillation

C. Destructive distillation

D. Both A & B

D

Oil from Eugenia caryophyllus can be

isolated via:

A. Steam distillation

B. Water distillation

C. Destructive distillation

D. Both A & B

D

Site of translation.

A. Nucleus

B. Cytoplasm

C. Golgi bodies

D. Ribosome

A

Site of transcription

A. Nucleus

B. Cytoplasm

C. Golgi bodies

D. Ribosome

C

Primarily the site of post-translational

modification.

A. Nucleus

B. Cytoplasm

C. Golgi bodies

D. Ribosome

A

A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence on

a tRNA molecule that is complementary to

an anticodon on an mRNA molecule.

A. Not true

B. Not false

C

Identify the type of mutation

ATCGTTAGCCGA

ATCTTAGCCGAA

A. Point; Transitional

B. Point; Transversional

C. Frameshift; Deletion

D. Frameshift; Insertion

B

Identify the type of mutation

TCTCAAAAATTTACG

TCTCAAATATTTACG

A. Point; Transitional

B. Point; Transversional

C. Frameshift; Deletion

D. Frameshift; Insertion

C

Identify the type of mutation

UCUCAAAAAUUUUCA

UCUCAAAAAUUUUGA

A. Silent C. Nonsense

B. Missense D. NOTA

B

Which of the following is derived during

transcription to convert this nucleutide

chain into protein?

ATTCGTCTTCACAT

A. TAAGCAGAAGTGTA

B. UAAGCAGAAGUGUA

C. TAAGCCGAAGTGTA

D. UAAGCAGAAGAGUA

D

RNA nitrogen bases, except:

A. Adenine

B. Guanine

C. Cytosine

D. Thymine

A

The following are true, except:

A. Nucleic acids are made of 6-carbon

sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate

group

B. DNA replication results to the formation

of two semi-conservative DNA molecules

C. mRNA carries the code to synthesize

proteins

D. During DNA replication, a lagging strand

and a leading strand can be identified

A

The simplest glycolipid

A.Cerebroside

B.Globoside

C.Ganglioside

D. Nucleoside

B

This type of glycolipid contains 2 or more

monosaccharides, a sphingosine, and a

fatty acid.

A. Cerebrosides

B. Globosides

C. Gangliosides

D. Cholesterol

D

The following are essential fatty acids:

A. Linoleic acid

B. α -Linolenic acid

C. β -Linolenic acid

D. A & B

A

This element serves as a co-factor for

carbonic anhydrase.

A. Zinc

B. Iron

C. Copper

D. Magnesium

D

Which is correcly paired?

A. Balsam of Copaiba: Balsam

B. Myrrh: Oleroresin

C. Eriodictyon: Oleogumresin

D. Frankincense: Oleogumresin

C

Gums are physiologic products. Resins are

pathological products.

A. Statement 1 is not incorrect.

B. Statement 2 is not incorrect.

C. Both statements are not correct.

D. Both statements are not incorrect.

B

The following are components of CBT,

except:

A. Aloe

B. Peru balsam

C. Tolu balsam

D. Benzoin

C

Odd one out

A. Parthenolide

B. Picrotoxin

C. Paclitaxel

D. Artemisinin

B

Which of the following is incorrectly

matched:

A. Theophylline: 1,3-dimethylxanthine

B. Theobromine: 3,7-diethylxanthine

C. Caffeine: 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine

D. Vanillin: 4-hydroxy-3-

methoxybenzaldehyde

D

Among the 4 ETC complexes, which is the

one being attacked by the cyanide ion?

A. Complex I

B. Complex II

C. Complex III

D. Complex IV

B

The major branch point intermediate of

Shikimic acid pathway.

A. Anthranilate

B. Chorismate

C. Prephenate

D. Pyruvate

B

Statins work by inhibiting which enzyme in

the mevalonic acid pathway?

A. HMG coA synthethase

B. HMG coA reductase

C. HMG coA oxidase

D. HMG coA dehydrogenase

A

This condition is characterized by the

accumulation of urate in joints and

kidney along with compulsive destructive

behaviour, mental deficiency and

spasticity. This condition is due to the

deficiciency of hypoxanthine-guanine

phosphoribosyltransferase.

A. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

B. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

C. Gout

D. AOTA

B

Adenosine deaminase deficiency

A. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

B. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

C. Gout

D. AOTA

C

Which of the following does not stimulate

lipolysis.

A. Epi

B. NE

C. Insulin

D. Glucagon

B

A condition characterized by a deficiency

of muscle phosphofructokinase and a

modest accumulation of glycogen.

A. GSD I

B. GSD VII

C. GSD III

D. GSD IV

A

Major type of membrane lipid

A. Phospholipid

B. Glycolipid

C. Cholesterol

D. None

B

An achiral amino acid which is also an

inhibitory neurotransmitter.

A. Alanine

B. Glycine

C. Methionine

D. Valine

B

The following are essential amino acids

except:

A. T

B. Y

C. W

D. NOTA

D

The synthesis of aromatic compounds in

plants is done via shikimic acid pathway.

These includes aromatic amino acids such

as:

A. F

B. W

C. Y

D. AOTA

D

A deficiency of alpha-ketoacid

dehydrogenase causes a disease called

Maple syrup urine odor. Which of the

following amino acids' toxic metabolites

are excreted via the urine in this condition?

A. Leucine

B. Isoleucine

C. Valine

D. AOTA

B

An enzyme synthesised by chief cells

in stomach of mammals and a key

component of a complex set of enzymes

used in cheese production.

A. Renin

B. Rennin

C. Trypsin

D. Pepsin

D

The inactive form of a proteolytic enzyme

found in the intestine.

A. Pepsin C. Trypsin

B. Pepsinogen D. Trypsinogen

B

The inactive form of a proteolytic enzyme found in the stomach.

A. Pepsin C. Trypsin

B. Pepsinogen D. Trypsinogen

A

A homoglycan used as a diagnostic aid for

renal dysfunction.

A. Inulin C. Amylose

B. Insulin D. Amylopectin

C

Scurvy is a disease common to sailors who

had no access to fresh food supplies. This

disease is caused by lack of:

A. Vitamin A

B. Vitamin B

C. Vitamin C

D. Vitamin D

B

Vitamin used as antidote of choice for

acute cyanide poisoning.

A. Vitamin B2

B. Vitamin B12

C. Vitamin B7

D. Vitamin K

C

A vitamin administered to neonates to

prevent bleeding.

A. Cobalamin

B. Folic acid

C. Phylloquinone

D. Pyridoxine

B

The following are marine gums except:

A. Algin

B. Xanthan

C. Carrageenan

D. Agar

B

Which of the following statements are

mismatched?

I. Camptotheca acuminata: Topoisomerase

I inhibition

II. Taxus brevifolia: Topoisomerase II

inhibition

III. Catharanthus roseus: Microtubule

polymerization inhibition

IV. Podophyllum peltatum: Microtubule

depolymerization inhibition

A. I and II

B. II and IV

C. II, III, and IV

D. NOTA

A

In an ATP molecule, the bond responsible

for storing energy is called:

A. Phospho-anhydride bonds

B. Phosphate bond

C. Glycosidic bond

E. Phosphodiester bond

A

Ester of a long-chain fatty acid and a long-

chain organic compound with hydroxyl

groups

A. Wax

B. Fat

C. Cholesterol

D. Phospholipid

A

The simplest method on preserving crude

drugs.

A. Exposure to 650C

B. Fumigation with methylbromide

C. Adding drops of chloroform and carbon

tetrachloride

C

In determining the presence of cardiac

glycosides in a sample, which test is most

appropriate?

A. Seliwanoff

B. Bial

C. Keller-Killiani

D. Mucic

C

Which of the following sugars will test

negative in Fehling's test?

A. Glucose

B. Maltose

C. Sucrose

D. Galactose

C

Mucic acid test is a test for:

A. Sucrose

B. Glucose

C. Galactose

D. Maltose

A

The use of this test is significant in

diagnosing Diabetes mellitus.

A. Benedict's test t

B. Biuret Test

C. Marquis tes

D. Froth test