A1.2.6 - DNA as a double helix made of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides with two strands linked by hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs

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Last updated 5:12 AM on 10/17/26
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4 Terms

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Shape of DNA

  • Each strand has a ‌sugar-phosphate backbone with nitrogenous bases projecting ‌inward

  • The two strands wind around ‌each other to form a double ‍helix


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Bases Pairing

  • The bases ‍pair in a fixed way: ‌adenine with thymine, and cytosine ‍with guanine

  • This is called complementary ‍base pairing.

  • The base pairs are ‍joined by hydrogen bonds: ‍two between A and T, ‍and three between C and G.‍


<ul><li><p>The bases ‍pair in a fixed way: ‌<strong>adenine with thymine</strong>, and <strong>cytosine ‍with guanine</strong></p></li><li><p>This is called <strong>complementary ‍base pairing</strong>.</p></li><li><p>The base pairs are ‍joined by <strong>hydrogen bonds</strong>: ‍two between A and T, ‍and three between C and G.‍</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Antiparallel Strands

  • The two DNA strands run in ‌opposite directions.

  • One strand runs 5'‍ to 3', while ‍the other runs 3' to ‌5'.


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Drawing the Structure of ‍DNA

  1. Antiparallel ‍strands, one labelled 5' ‌to 3' and the other ‍3' to 5'.‌

  2. Complementary base pairing, with A ‍paired to T and C paired ‍to G, connected by hydrogen ‍bonds.

  3. The sugar-phosphate backbone as a ‍continuous chain of alternating sugar and ‍phosphate groups.