EXSC 317 Respiratory System: Medical Terminology, Disorders, and Procedures

aer/o

air

alveol/o

alveolus; air sac

anthrac/o

coal

atel/o

incomplete

bronch/o

bronchus

bronchi/o

bronchus

bronchiol/o

bronchiole

coni/o

dust

diaphragmat/o

diaphragm

epiglott/o

epiglottis

laryng/o

larynx

lob/o

lobe

nas/o

nose

muc/o

mucus

orth/o

straight, upright

ox/o

oxygen

ox/i

oxygen

pharyng/o

pharynx

pleur/o

pleura

pneum/o

lung, air

pneumon/o

lung, air

pulmon/o

lung

rhin/o

nose

sept/o

wall

sinus/o

sinus, cavity

spir/o

breathing

trache/o

trachea, windpipe

tuss/o

cough

-capnia

carbon dioxide

-osmia

smell

-phonia

voice

-plegia

paralysis

-pnea

breathing

-ptysis

spitting

-spasm

involuntary muscle contraction

-thorax

chest

anosmia

Lack of the sense of smell.

anoxia

Condition of receiving almost no oxygen from inhaled air.

aphonia

Condition of being unable to produce sounds.

apnea

Not breathing.

asphyxia

Lack of oxygen that can lead to unconsciousness and death if not corrected immediately.

aspiration

Withdrawing fluid from a body cavity using suction.

bradypnea

Breathing too slowly; a low respiratory rate.

bronchiectasis

Dilated bronchus.

bronchospasm

Involuntary muscle spasm of the smooth muscle in the wall of the bronchus.

cyanosis

Refers to the bluish tint of skin that is receiving an insufficient amount of oxygen or circulation.

dysphonia

Condition of having difficulty producing sounds or producing abnormal sounds.

dyspnea

Term describing difficult or labored breathing.

eupnea

Normal breathing and respiratory rate.

hemoptysis

To cough up blood or blood-stained sputum.

hemothorax

Presence of blood in the chest cavity.

hypercapnia

Condition of having excessive carbon dioxide in the body.

hyperpnea

Taking deep breaths.

hyperventilation

Breathing both too fast and too deep.

hypocapnia

An insufficient level of carbon dioxide in the body.

hypopnea

Taking shallow breaths.

hypoventilation

Breathing both too slow and too shallow.

hypoxemia

Condition of having an insufficient amount of oxygen in the bloodstream.

hypoxia

Condition of receiving an insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air.

laryngoplegia

Paralysis of the muscles controlling the larynx.

orthopnea

Term describing dyspnea that is worsened by lying flat.

pansinusitis

Inflammation of all the paranasal sinuses.

pleurodynia

Pleural pain.

pyothorax

Presence of pus in the chest cavity.

rhinitis

Inflammation of the nasal cavity.

rhinorrhagia

Rapid flow of blood from the nose.

rhinorrhea

Discharge from the nose.

sputum

Mucus or phlegm coughed up from the lining of the respiratory tract.

tachypnea

Breathing fast; a high respiratory rate.

thoracalgia

Chest pain.

tracheostenosis

Narrowing of the trachea.

laryngitis

Inflammation of the larynx.

nasopharyngitis

Inflammation of the nasal cavity and pharynx.

pertussis

Commonly called whooping cough, due to the whoop sound made when coughing; an infectious bacterial disease of the upper respiratory system that children receive immunization against as part of their DPT shots.

pharyngitis

Inflammation of the pharynx; commonly called a sore throat.

rhinomycosis

Fungal infection of the nasal cavity.

asthma

Disease caused by various conditions, like allergens, resulting in constriction of the bronchial airways, dyspnea, coughing, and wheezing.

bronchitis

Inflammation of a bronchus.

bronchogenic carcinoma

Malignant tumor originating in the bronchi; usually associated with a history of cigarette smoking.

anthracosis

Type of pneumoconiosis that develops from the collection of coal dust in the lung; also called black lung or miner's lung.

asbestosis

Type of pneumoconiosis that develops from collection of asbestos fibers in the lungs; may lead to the development of lung cancer.

atelectasis

Condition in which the alveoli in a portion of the lung collapse, preventing the respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

pneumoconiosis

Condition that is the result of inhaling environmental particles that become toxic.

pneumonia

Inflammatory condition of the lung that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and aspirated substances.

pulmonary edema

Condition in which lung tissue retains an excessive amount of fluid, especially in the alveoli; results in dyspnea.

pulmonary embolism

Obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by an embolus.

pulmonary fibrosis

Formation of fibrous scar tissue in the lungs that leads to decreased ability to expand the lungs.

silicosis

Type of pneumoconiosis that develops from the inhalation of silica (quartz) dust.

sleep apnea

Condition in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep long enough to cause a drop in oxygen levels in the blood.

pneumothorax

Collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, which may result in collapse of the lung.

bronchogram

X-ray record of the bronchus produced by bronchography.

bronchography

X-ray of the lung after a radiopaque substance has been inserted into the trachea or bronchial tube.

chest X-ray (CXR)

Taking a radiographic picture of the lungs and heart from the back and sides.

pulmonary angiography

Injecting dye into a blood vessel for the purpose of taking an X-ray of the arteries and veins of the lungs.

bronchoscope

Instrument used to view inside a bronchus during a bronchoscopy.

bronchoscopy

Visual examination of the inside of the bronchi; uses an instrument called a bronchoscope.

laryngoscope

Instrument used to view inside the larynx during a laryngoscopy.

laryngoscopy

Examination of the interior of the larynx with a lighted instrument called a laryngoscope.

bronchoplasty

Surgical repair of a bronchus.

laryngectomy

Surgical removal of the larynx.