RNA Unit

DNA

A molecule with two strands of nucleotides, serving as the genetic material of living organisms.

RNA

A molecule with one strand of nucleotide, involved in various biological processes.

Transcription

The process of scribing the genetic code from DNA to RNA.

Translation

The process of converting the genetic code into a protein.

mRNA

Messenger RNA, carrying the genetic information for protein synthesis.

rRNA

Ribosomal RNA, a component of ribosomes involved in protein synthesis.

tRNA

Transfer RNA, responsible for transferring amino acids during protein synthesis.

Mutations

Changes in the genetic information of a cell, which can be caused by various factors.

Codons

Three-nucleotide sequences in DNA or RNA that specify a particular amino acid.

Introns

Non-coding regions of DNA that are removed during RNA editing.

Exons

Coding regions of DNA that are spliced together during RNA editing.

Point mutation

A mutation where a single nucleotide is substituted with another.

Insertion

Addition of an extra nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

Deletion

Removal of a nucleotide from the DNA sequence.

Promoters

DNA regions with specific base sequences that initiate transcription.

Elongation

The process of adding nucleotides to form a single-stranded RNA during transcription.

Termination

The end of the transcription process where the DNA reforms its double helix structure.