Unit 2 History Acc - Sam Levine

When the consitutional convention ends the federalists wanted…

• strong government

• citizens voting (Upper classes)

• feared of the power of the people more than the government

Leaders of the Federalists

James Madison, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton

When the consitutional convention ends the anti-federalists wanted…

• frequent elections and a lot of state power

• they opposed the constitution (felt like gov was a threat and a betrayel of the revolution)

Bill of Rights

Deal Made to ratify the constitution to value anti-federalists and federalists

• first 10 amendments

• promised the possibility to amend

• states if the constitution doesn’t say it it is an automatic right, as well as anything not listed for the federal gov goes to state.

Washingtons presidency

• generally supported federalists

• created a national bank

• wanted to remain neutral and stay out of war

• Was in support of federal city (D.C)

• set the tone by not running for a third term.

Major Events - Washington

• Whiskey Rebellion 1794

• Jays Treaty

• American Neutrality

• Jefferson didn’t like him (felt economic ties with Britain were bad).

John Adams Presidency challenges

• following GW

• cabinet loyal to Hamilton

• In threat of War with France

• French Attacking Caribbean/American merchants

• XYZ affair

Whiskey Rebellion

rebellion in Western PA over federal taxes on alcohol

• Importance: Washington put it down on his own showing his belief in strong government.

Jays treaty

• John Jay negotiated this (Chief Justice)

• Even though Britain lost the Revolutionary War, British troops stayed in several forts in the Northwest Territory

• the treaty was an agreement for Britain to withdraw tropps from the forts and for the U.S to pay debts back

XYZ affair

• The U.S. was trying to negotiate with France because France was attacking American ships that were trading with Britain

• President John Adams sent American diplomats to France to try to work things out peacefully and protect American trade. However, French agents demanded bribes before they would negotiate, which led to the XYZ Affair.

• Americans refused to pay

• America began preparing for war with France

Election of 1800

• Jefferson wins because Hamilton helps him win the House of Rep. votes after the tie with Burr.

• Jefferson 1st republican president.

• Demonstrates a peaceful shift of powers (Federalists - democratic republican

Jefferson does…

• cut taxes

• smaller military

• democratic values/image

• increase in state power

Louisiana Purchase

• double the size of the country

• got the French all the way out of America

• Jefferson contradicts his beliefs of a low power government, but he makes an executive order which goes agains that

Jeffersons Foreign Policy

• U.S gets attacked from British and French

• comes up with Embargo act

Embargo Act

• cut off all U.S trade with other countries.

• was bad because French and British had other resources (We didn’t…)

James Madison

4th President

republican

Supported War of 1812

Reasons for the War of 1812

• during Madison’s presidency…

  • British attacks getting in the way of trade

  • British violated Treaty of Paris

  • British Settlement by the great lakes so Native Americans had British guns as defense

War of 1812 (the peoples thoughts)

South and West wanted war New England/ Northeast opposed it

• War Hawks were the south and western congressmen in support of war

Hartford Convention

1814–1815

New England Federalists

They opposed the War of 1812 because it hurt their economy and trade.

They met to discuss changes to the Constitution and some considered leaving the Union.

Result: The war ended shortly after, making the Federalists look unpatriotic and causing their party to lose support.

Major 1812 War Events

D.C was attacked - Burned Capitol, white house, library of congress

we win Fort McHenry (Star Spangled Banner written)

Treaty of Ghent

Treaty of Ghent

was signed in Belgium to end war of 1812

• largely restored the relations between U.S and Britain

Domestic Policy (Alien Act)

• gave president the ability to arrest or deport citizens from other countries

• immigrants were seen as “threats” to the U.S

Domestic Policy (Sedition Act)

• said that anyone who wrote, published, or said anything critical of the government faced punishment (fines or jail time)

• Violated individual rights and was another piece of evidence for the republicans that federalists wanted a monarchy

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

• written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison

• argues that states had the right to decide the legality of federal laws

• states had authority to not follow certain laws if they thought they were unconstitutional