Ch5 Language intervention

Language Intervention Ch5

What are the ingredients of intervention?

• context

• learning approach

• intervention strategies

• technology

• goal writing

• dosage

• data collection

What is a naturalistic context?

• the child’s natural environment

• every day or frequently occurring contexts

Examples of a naturalistic context could be

• family routine (caregiving, household activities, community)

• child focused activities (play, books, music, movement, game)

• classroom activities

What is a structured context

• carefully organized and presented

Who often directs a structured context

adult-directed

What are structured context based on?

• multiple opportunities to observe and practice the targeted skills (high dosage)

• 
  

Structured context should still be?

“contextualized”

Can a context be both naturalistic and structured

yes

What are the two learning approaches?

explicit and implicit

What is the explicit learning approach?

• conscious and intentional practices

what does explicit learning approach involve when learning?what do you learn

• concepts

• facts

• rule based information

What does an adult do during the explicit learning approach

• adult draws the learner’s attention to the concepts while emphasizing METACOGNITIVE AND METALINGUISTIC SKILLS (phonics)

What is implicit learning approach

• learning takes place without one consciously thinking about it

How is implicit earning approach done

through exposure, children learn patterns of behavior

Early language learning is primarily ?

implicit

What are intervention strategies based on social interaction theories?

• modeling

• self-talk (descriptive talk)

• parallel-talk (descriptive talk)

• expanding

• extending

• recasting

• 
  

Which intervention strategy is providing the language model, doing it at a level that matches clients current ability or slightly more difficult

modeling

which intervention strategy is describing everything we are doing

self-talk and aprallel talk

which intervention strategy stretches the child’s use of language productions, to make more grammatical or longer in length

expanding

which intervention strategy adds content “big truck, yellow truck”

extending

which intervention strategy includes doing expanding and extneding more explicitily

recasting

What are the ways we encourage communication

modeling, self talk, and parallel talk

which intervention strategies are the responsive strategies

expanding, extending, and recasting

How is sentence recasting somewhat different from expanding or extending?

recasting involves taking more intentionality and encourage child to use grammatical rule

What intervention strategies are based on Social-Interaction Theories?

• modeling

• self-talk

• parallel talk

• expanding

• extending

• recasting

Which intervention strategies are based on Behavior Theories

• prompting

• shaping

• social-reinforcement

• fading

• continuous reinforcement

• mand-model

Which behavior intervention strategy includes instruction and stimuli to increase child likelihood of response

prompting

How can prompting include modeling?

if child imitates

Which behavior intervention strategy includes peer engagement

social-reinforcement

Which behavior intervention strategy includes reducing adult prompting and reinforcement

fading

Which behavior intervention strategy includes continuous reinforcment

continuous reinforcemnt

Which behavior intervention strategy includes intermittent reinforcement

intermittent reinforcement

Which behavior intervention strategy includes direct way to prompt. A requestion/demand and then providing the model after

mand-model

What can context include?

setting, communication partners, and stimuli (materials)

What is setting up communication opportunities; prompting strategies

eliciting behavior

what are natural consequences: social reinforcement: rewards

responding behavior

How is technology related to intervention

• tele practice

• clinical use of apps

• counseling families about screen time

Which app for language therapy contains 12 scenes (bedrooms, classroom, kitchen, bathroom, living

room, dining room, etc.) and several characters. The child can play in the

scenes by placing and arranging objects. The child can change the characters’

poses and clothing.

house of learning

which app for lanugage therapy Targets working on syntax by combining words into phrases and sentences.

Users are prompted to drag words to make sentences and to get puzzle pieces

as a reward.

rainbow sentences

which app for language therapy Provides an interactive script in which a child chooses answers and questions

in a simulated conversation.

conversation builder

What is offered general screentime guidance for under the age of 18 months by American academy of pediatrics (AAP)

avoid screen time other than video chatting

What is offered general screentime guidance for ages 18-24 months by American academy of pediatrics (AAP)

less than an hour of screen time including co-viewing of high quality programming, and focus on developing healthy media-consumption habits

What is offered general screentime guidance for ages 2-5 years by American academy of pediatrics (AAP)

limit screen time to one hour a day involving quality content

What are the 5 C’s that the conversation about screen time focuses on?

• child

• content

• calm

• crowding out

• communication

What statements should be included in goal writing

-action statement

condition statement

criterion statement

What is a SMART goal

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, time-based

What does Specific mean

make goals clear and specific

what does measurable mean

define emasurable assets

what does attainable mean

confirm your goals are attainable

what does relevant mean

verify your goals are relevant

what does time-based mean

set up a time based plan

what are the guidelines on selecting target behviors

• select behaviors that will make an immediate and social significant different

• behaviors that help expand communicative skills

• carefully sequence target behaviors

• initial target behaviors should be those the client/student can learn without undue difficulty

• choose targets that are culturally and linguistically appropriate

goals serve as a ___ for intervention

road map

what shoudl each goal describe

what the client’s communication behavior will look like when the skill is mastered

which part of the writing goals is use actionable,observable,measurable verbs

action statement?

which part of the writing goals is describe the stimuli, where the behavior will occur,and or who will be invovled

condition statement?

which part of writing goals includes how will the behavior be measured and what is the criteria for mastery?

criterion statement

What are some things to consider when picking goal attack strategies

• you need to teach multiple targets to most clients

• most clients cannot learn multiple targets at once

• consider the sequence: some behaviors need to be taught before others

What are some solutions, some goal attack strategies

1. vertical structure

2. horizontal structure

3. cyclical approach

which goal attack strategy is one goal is targeted at a time until the client achieves a high response rate across multiple sessions

vertical structure

what does vertical structure allow client to do

focus on target skill

what are drawbacks of vertical structure approach

• could be repetitious

• may be less efficient

Which attack strategy targets several goals within EACH/EVERY session

horizontal structure

In horizontal structure are targets always related

no

what are drawbacks of horizontal approach

• too much change could be confusing

• intervention could be “disjointed” if the targets are not related

Which goal attack strategy uses several goals are targeted with a pre-determined sequence (rotation)

cyclical approach

what does cyclical approach combine

vertically and horizontally structured interventions

What is goal amstery absed on in cyclical approach

developmental sequence

drawbacks of cyclcial approach

• requires careful planning

• client’s success on one goal will require medication (mediation?) to the sequence

What is intervention frequency and intensity?

dosage

What relates to teh amount of intervention (ex. two 1 hr sessions per week)

frequency

what relates to the number of teaching episodes/trials/attempts during the intervention (least 10 opportunities per 1 hr session)

intensity

what is the period of time for which an intervention was provided (ex. 6 months of language intervention focsed on moprhosyntax development)

total intervention duration

what represents the total intervention experiences (48 hrs of intervention across 6 months)

cumulative intervention

what are the goals of data collection

• document change (tracking clients behavior from one session to next)

• document the efficacy of the intervention (helps slp know to either stay on track or change course)

how does one implemenet or demosntrate effective treatment (show success or failiures)

• graph

• baseline data

• intervention phase ( quantative data)

• generalization probe

• qualitative

• descriptive vocabulary

what is number of correct, percentage, frequency counts

quantitative data

What is goal attainment scaling and what phase used in

used in intervention pahse and uses qualitative data

what is qualititative data

based on describing/rating behavior

what does goal attainment scalng range from

-2 to +2

what descriptive vocab is used in goal attainment scaling

Frequency(never—sometimes—often—almost always—always)

•

Development(not present—emerging—developing—accomplished—exceeding)

•

Amount of support needed (totally dependent—extensive assistance—some assistance—limited assistance—independent)

What is overall sequence and summary of intervention

• determine needs

• plan for intervention

• - goals

• - context

• - learning approach

• - intervention strategies

• - technology

• collect baseline data

• begin intervention & collect ongoing data

• probe for generalization

• determine if needs still exist

• - promote maintenance