Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

The process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.

Photosynthesis Equation

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{light} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$$

Light-dependent Reactions

The first stage of photosynthesis that occurs in the thylakoid membranes, capturing sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH.

Calvin Cycle

The second stage of photosynthesis occurring in the stroma, using ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into glucose.

Importance of Photosynthesis

Essential for life on Earth, provides oxygen for aerobic organisms, and forms the basis of the food chain.

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

Includes light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and water availability.

Photolysis

The process of splitting water molecules during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis to release oxygen.

Carbon Fixation

The process in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose during the Calvin Cycle.