Aerospace Dimensions: Module 1-7 Diagram
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371 Terms
aero
pertaining to air
Aerodynamics
relating to the forces of air in motion
aeronautics
the science of flight within the atmosphere
aerospace
a combination of aeronautics and space
air
a mixture of gases that contains approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases
aircraft
any machine that is capable of flying through the air; included are ultralights, airplanes, gliders, balloons, helicopters, hang gliders, and parasails
airplane
an aircraft that is kept aloft by the aerodynamic forces upon its wings and is thrust forward by a means of propulsion
airfoil
a component, such as a wing, that is specifically designed to produce lift, thrust, or directional stability
airport
a place on either land or water where aircraft can land and take off for flight
altitude
height above sea level or ground level expressed in units
aviation
the art, science, and technology of flight within the atmosphere
aviator
a person who operates an aircraft in flight
camber
the curved part of an airfoil its from leading edge to trailing edge
chord
a line drawn through an airfoil from its leading to trailing edge
downwash
the downward movement of air behind a wing in flight
drag
a force which slows the forward movement of an aircraft in flight
dynamic forces
forces in motion
gravity
the natural force pulling every thing on earth
leading edge
the front part of a wing or airfoil
lift
the upward force that opposes gravity and supports the weight of an aircraft
relative wind
the flow of air which moves opposite the flight path of an airplane
thrust
the force which moves an aircraft forward in flight
upwash
the upward movement of air ahead of the wing in flight
vortex
a spinning column of air that is created behind the wingtip as a result of air moving from an area of high pressure on the bottom to an area of low pressure on top
wind
air in motion
altitude
the height or distance above a reference plane
convection
fluid motion between regions of unequal heating
density
mass in a given volume
glide ratio
a mathematical relationship between the distance an aircraft will glide forward to the altitude loss (if an aircraft has a glide ration of twenty to one, and it is one mile above the earth, it should glide 20 miles before landing.)
lapse rate
the average rate at which temperature decreases with an increase in altitude
soaring
the art of staying aloft by exploiting the energy of the atmosphere
stability
the atmosphere's resistance to vertical motion
thermal
a column of air that moves upwards
tow plane
usually a single-engine airplane that will pull a glider from the ground to an altitude where it can be released
wave
a waving action with strong up and down motions started as air moves across mountain ranges
Pertaining to air
Aero
Relating to the forces of air in motion
Aerodynamics
The science of flight within the atmosphere
Aeronautics
A combination of aeronautics and space
Aerospace
A mixture of gases that contains approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases
Air
Any machine that is capable of flying through the air - included are ultralights, airplanes, gliders, balloons, helicopters, hangliders, and parasails
Aircraft
An aircraft that is kept aloft by the aerodynamic forces upon its wings and is thrust forward by a means of propulsion
Airplane
A component, such as a wing, that is specifically designed to produce lift, thrust, or directional stability
Airfoil
A place on either land or water where aircraft can land and take off for flight.
Airport
Height above sea level or ground level
Altitude
The art, science, and technology of flight within the atmosphere
Aviation
A person who operates an aircraft in flight
Aviator
The curved part of an airfoil from its leading edge to trailing edge
Camber
A line drawn through an airfoil from its leading to trailing edge
Chord
The downward movement of air behind a wing in flight
Downwash
A force which slows the forward movement of an aircraft in flight
Drag
Forces in motion
Dynamic
The natural force pulling everything to Earth
Gravity
The front part of a wing or airfoil
Leading edge
The upward force that opposes gravity and supports the wight of an aircraft
Lift
The flow of air which moves opposite the flight path of an airplane
Relative wind
The force which moves an aircraft forward in flight
Thrust
The upward movement of air ahead of the wing in flight
Upwash
A spinning column of air that is created behind the wingtip as a result of air moving from an area of high pressure on the bottom to an area of low pressure on top.
Vortex
Air in (natural) motion
Wind
The height or distance above a reference plane (The most common planes of reference used in aviation are heights above sea level and ground level. If it's above average sea level it's referred to as "MSL" or Mean Sea Level, and if it's above ground level, its referred to as "AGL.")
Altitude
Fluid motion between regions of unequal heating
Convection
Mass in a given volume
Density
A mathematical relationship between the distance an aircraft will glide forward to the altitude loss
Glide Ratio
The average rate at which temperature decreases with an increase in altitude
Lapse Rate
The art of staying aloft by exploiting the energy of the atmosphere.
Soaring
The atmosphere's resistance to vertical motion
Stability
A column of air that moves upwards
Thermal
Usually a single-engine airplane that will pull a glider from the ground to an altitude where it can be released
Tow Plane
A waving action with strong up and down motions started as air moves across mountain ranges
Wave
Instrument to provide the height of the aircraft above sea level
Altimeter
An aircraft that uses lighter-than-air gas for its lift, with no built-in means of horizontal control
Balloon
The heat source for filling the envelope of a balloon with hot air
Burner
To rise or float on the surface of water or within the atmosphere
Buoyancy
The top of the hot air balloon's envelope
Crown
The main body of the balloon, usually made of nylon, that is filled with lighter than air gas
Envelope
A wicker basket, hanging below the envelope, used to transport passengers and propane tanks
Gondola
One of several vertical panels that make up the envelope
Gore
The surname of the two French brothers who created the first successful, manned, hot air balloon in 1783
Montgolfier
Located in the top of the balloon's envelope that allows it to be deflated
Parachute Panel
A lightweight, low carbon fuel used in hot air balloon burners
Propane
An instrument which measures the temperature within the envelope of the balloon
Thermistor
An instrument to determine the rate of climb or descent; sometimes referred to as vertical velocity indicator
Variometer
The man who discovered the relationship between pressure and fluids in motion
Daniel Bernoulli
Which of Newton's three laws of motion explains how an aircraft is lifted against the force of gravity?
Newton's Third Law of Motion
An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced, outside force.
Newton's First Law of Motion
A force acting upon a body causes it to accelerate in the direction of the force. Acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body being accelerated.
Newton's Second Law of Motion
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton's Third Law of Motion
When molecules of oncoming air split at the front of the wing, they travel over and under the airfoil and meet at the back of the wing at exactly the same time.
Theory of Equal Transit Time
An imaginary line that is drawn from the top of an airplane to the bottom, through the center of gravity
Vertical Axis
An imaginary line that is drawn from one wingtip of an airplane to the other wingtip
Lateral Axis
An imaginary line that is drawn from the nose of an airplane to its tail
Longitudinal Axis
The point at which all three axes come together
Center of Gravity
Rotation around the longitudinal axis
Roll
Rotation around the lateral axis
Pitch
Rotation around the vertical axis
Yaw
The parts of an airplane that are changed by the pilot in order to fly
Control Surfaces
A combined horizontal stabilizer and elevator
Stabilator
In order to change the pitch in an airplane, the pilot must cause the airplane's _________________ to change.
Horizontal Stabilizer or Stabilator
In order the change an airplane's yaw, the pilot must change the airplane's _______________.
Rudder