LTAM - Exam 1 Study Guide

Cabeza de Vaca

a Spanish conquistador and explorer whose remarkable eight-year survival journey across the American Southwest transformed him from a conqueror into a unique early ethnographer.

Isabel of Castile

The foundational figure who launched the Spanish Empire, kickstarting European colonization while setting up the first laws regarding indigenous peoples. She unified Spain, completed the Reconquista, and funded Christopher Columbus’s 1492 voyage.

Hernán Cortés

was the Spanish conquistador who led the expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire between 1519 and 1521. he is studied as a pivotal and highly controversial figure whose strategic alliances and military campaigns fundamentally reshaped Mesoamerica and established the colony of New Spain (modern-day Mexico).

Francisco Pizarro

Spanish conquistador who led the conquest of the Inca Empire between 1532 and 1533. he is studied for dismantling the largest indigenous state in South America, executing the Inca emperor, and establishing Spanish colonial rule across the Andean region.

Moctezuma

Bartolomé de las Casas

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz

Xica da Silva (movie)

King João

Miguel Hidalgo

José María Morelos

Tupac Amarú

Simón Bolívar

José de San Martín

Juan Manuel de Rosas

Antonio López de Santa Anna

Francisco Morazán

Pedro I

Empress Leopoldina

Manuela de Rosas

Camila O’Gorman (movie)

Liberalism

Nationalism

Encounter

Pampas

Sedentary/Non-sedentary/Semi-Sedentary

Tupi-Tupinambá

Inca Empire

Aztec Empire

Tenochtitlan

Mayas

Iberia/Iberians

Reconquest of Iberia

Encomienda

Silver mining

Royal Fifth

Viceroy/Viceroyalty

Sugar Plantations

Hegemony

Patriarchy

Transculturation

Bandeirantes

Bourbon/Pombaline Reforms

Caste System

Haitian Revolution

Creoles

Peninsulars

Americanos

Postcolonialism

Patronage politics

Caudillo leadership

Regency

Costumbrismo

Caste War of Yucatán

Guano