Cognitive Development / Language (Unfinished)

Sensorimotor Stage

Birth to 2yrs

Starts to learn through senses.

Object permanence

Object Permanence

The infant only thinks something exists when they sense it.

Preoperational Stage

2 to 7yrs

Children aquire ability to internally represent the world through language and mental imagery

Loss of Egocentrism

Egocentrism

When a child believes they are the most important thing in the world

Dollhouse Study

Demonstrates children’s understanding of mapping by showing a doll house representing a room the child is in and putting a toy in a area of the doll house. Then place the toy in the same area in real life, and watch to find if the child can retrieve the toy.

Concrete Operational Stage

7 to 11yrs

Children start to think logically

Conservation

Conservation

Ability to understand changing the shape of an object does not change its volume

Formal Operational Stage

11 to adult

Teens can now reason about abstract concepts

Personal fable

The personal fable is a cognitive belief pattern where adolescents think their thoughts, feelings, and experiences are completely unique, special, and different from anyone else's

Imaginary Audience

a psychological concept where a person believes they are under constant, close observation and judgment by peers, family, or strangers.

Dementia

a continuous decline in thinking, memory, behavior, and social abilities that impairs a person's capacity to perform everyday activities

Alzhimer’s Disease

a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia

Lev Vgotsky

Said children are social learners learning from sociocultural contexts

Sociocultural Context

the immediate social and cultural environment in which a person lives, learns, or acts

Scaffolding

Something that assists in a task one can’t achive on their own.

Zone of Proximal Development