Logic

Modus Tollens

If A, then B. Not B; Therefore, not A.

Chain Argument

If A, then B. If B, then C; Therefore, if A, then C.

Modus Ponens

If A, then B. A; Therefore, B.

AAA

All humans are mortal. All mortals die. Therefore, all humans die.

Invalid Argument

Cats have four legs. Chairs have four legs. Therefore, cats are chairs.

IAI

Some attitudes are bitchy. All people have attitudes. Therefore, some people are bitchy.

EAE

No tests are fun. This is a test. Therefore, this is not fun.

Modus Ponens

If A, then B. A; Therefore, B.

Modus Tollens

If A, then B. Not B; Therefore, not A.

Chain Argument

If A, then B. If B, then C; Therefore, if A, then C.

Universal Affirmative (A) categorical proposition

All S are P

Universal Negative (E) categorical proposition

No S are P

Particular Affirmative (I) categorical proposition

Some S are P

Particular Negative (O) categorical proposition

Some S are not P

AII

All humans are mortal. Jeevan is a human. Therefore, Jeevan is mortal.

AAA

All humans come from their mother. All blind people are humans. Therefore, blind people come from their mother.

AII

All tabbies are cats. All tabbies have stripes. Therefore, some cats have stripes.

EAE

All whales are warm-blooded. No goldfish is warm-blooded. No goldfish is a whale.

OAO

All paper comes from plants. No paper is a tree. Some plants are not trees.

IAI

All humans are people. Some people are dead. Therefore, some humans are dead.