HPRB 3020S Exam 2

quality assurance

the planned and systematic activities necessary to provide adequate confidence that the product or service will meet given requirements.

credentialing

-the means by which professions demonstrate quality assurance
-the "planned and systematic activities" used to increase confidence that the produce/service (ex: health ed. specialist) is meeting the requirements of the profession.

3 forms of credentialing

-accreditation
-licensure
-certification

Accreditation

-the status of public recognition that an accrediting agency grants to an education institution or program that meets the agency's standards or requirements.

Accreditation Agencies for H. Ed/P

-NCCA (National Commission for Certifying Agencies)
-CEPH (Council on Education for Public Health)

Licensure

-a GOVERNMENTAL agency/state grants permission to individuals to practice a given profession by certifying that those licensed have attained specific standards of competence.
-i.e. medical professions - doctors, nurses, dentists, etc.

Certification

-a PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION grants recognition to an INDIVIDUAL who, upon completion of competency-based curriculum, can demonstrate a pre-determined standard of performance.
-granted by the PROFESSION, not a gov. body.

Certification for Health Ed. Specialists

-CHES (Certified Health Education Specialist)
-MCHES (Master Certified Health Education Specialist)

Bethesda Conference on Commonalities and Differences

1978 - issues with differences in the function of health educators practicing different things and were prepared differently.
-came up with a task force (National task Force on the Preparationa nd Practice of Health Educators) to create a credentialing system

Role delineation

the process of identifying the specific responsibilities, competencies, and sub-competencies associated with the practice of health education/promotion.

NCHEC - National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc.

1988 - replaced the national task force, oversees and administers the health education certification process.

Competencies Update Project (CUP)

1998-2004 - re-verify the competencies and sub-competencies of health ed. specialist (every 5-years)

Galway Consensus Conference

2008 - an effort to identify and codify agreement around quality assurance and credentialing on an international basis.
-Domains of Core Competencies were developed for international countries.

Responsibilities

-what you are able to do as a health ed. specialist
-specify the overall scope of practice for health ed. specialists.
-give a general idea of what health ed. specialists do, but do not provide the detail necessary to practice health ed/promo.

7 Areas of Responsibility for Health Ed. Specialists

-according to HEJA 2010 (Health Educator Job Analysis), defining the role of the health ed. specialist.

I. Assess Needs, Assets and Capacity for Health Education.
II. Plan Health Education
III. Implement Health Education
IV. Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education
V. Administer and Manage Health Education
VI. Serve as a Health Education Resource Person
VII. Communicate and Advocate for Health and Health Education

Competencies

-within each responsibility
-reflect the ability of the student to understand, know, etc.

Sub-competencies

-broken down sections of each competency
-reflects the ability of the student to list, describe, etc.

HEJA 2010 model

Health Education Job Analysis 2010 model - the most recent update of health education roles, responsibilities, competencies, and sub-competencies.

needs assessment

-a process that helps program planners determine what health problems might exist in any given group of people, what assets are available int he community to address the health problems, and the overall capacity of the community to address the health issues.

capacity

-identifies the assets - skills, resources, agencies, groups, and individuals - that can be brought together in a community to solve problems and empower a community.

community empowerment

-the process by whihc people gain control over the factors and decisions that shape their lives.
-process by which they increase their assets and attributes and build capacities to gain access, partners, networks and/or a voice, in order to gain control.

Primary data
Secondary data

-gather data on your own
-examine pre-existing information

Rule of Sufficiency

-any strategies chosen to plan a health education program must be sufficiently robust, or effective enough, to ensure the stated objectives have a reasonable chance of being met.

Health education research

-a systematic investigation involving the analysis of collected information or data that ultimately is used to enhance health education knowledge or practice, and answers one or more questions about a health-related theory, behavior or phenomenon.

Governmental health agencies

Health agencies that have authority for certain duties or tasks outlines by the governmental bodies that oversee them.

Example of governemental health agency

local health department (LDH) - authority to protect, promote, and enhance the health of the people living in a specific geographic area; authority given by county/city/ township government.

Quasi-governmental health agencies

-possess characteristics of both governmental health agencies and of nongovernmental agencies
-obtain funding from a variety of sources, including community fund-raising efforts, special allocations form government bodies, fees for services rendered, and donations
-operate independently of governmental supervision

Example of Quasi-governmental health agency

American Red Cross (ARC)

Nongovernmental health agencies

-operate free form governmental interference as long as they comply with International Revenue Service's guidelines for their tax status.
-funded by private donations or membership fees.

Subgroups of NGOs

-voluntary, philanthropic, service, religious, and professional

Voluntary health agencies

-developed when gov. or quasi-gov. agencies were not in place to met needs of communities, so interested citizens cam together to form a voluntary agency.
-raise money from community fund-raising efforts or writing grant proposals

4 primary purposes of voluntary agencies

1) raise money to fund RESEARCH
2) provide EDUCATION
3) provide SERVICE
4) ADVOCATE for beneficial POLICIES

Ex. of voluntary health agencies

-American Cancer Society
-American Heart Association
-American Lung Association
-Alzheimer's Association

Philanthropic Foundations

-fund programs and research on the prevention, control, and treatment of diseases and other health problems.
-altruistic concern for human welfare and advancement
-do NOT have to raise money
-able to finance LONG-TERM projects

Examples of Philanthropic foundations

-Ford Foundation
-Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
-Rockefeller Foundation

Processional health association/organizations

-promote the hight standards of professional practice for their respective profession, thereby improving the health of society by improving the people int he profession.

AAHPERD - American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance

-the largest organization of professionals involved in physical education, physical activity, dance, school health, and sport.
-advance professional practice and promote research releated to health and physical education, physical activity, dance, and sport.
-unified organization of 5 national associations, 6 district associations, and a Research Consortium

AAHE - American Association for Health Education

-mission to advance the profession by serving health educators and other professionals who strive to promote the health of all people through education and other systematic changes.
-collaborated with SOPHE

Journals by AAHE

-American Journal of Health Education (AJHE)
-Journal of Health Education Teaching Techniques (JHETT)
-Global Journal of Health Education and Promotion (GJHEP)

APHA - American Public Health Association

-the oldest and most diverse organization of public health professionals in the world (1872 - in response to movement to combat yellow fever)
-mission to improve the health of the public and achieve equity in health status.

Journals by APHA

-American Journal of Public Health (AJPH)
-The Nation's Health
-Control of communicable Disease Manual
-Designing Healthy Communities

ACHA - American College Health Association

-mission to provide advocacy, educaiton, communications, products, and services, as well as promote research and culturally competent practices to enhance its members' ability to advance the health of all students and the campus community.

Journals from ACHA

-College Health in Action
-Journal of American College Health

ASHA - American School Health Association

-mission to build the capacity of its members to plan, develop, coordinate, implement, evaluate, and advocate for effective school health strategies that contribute to optimal health and academic outcomes for all children and youth.

Journals by ASHA

-Journal of School Health

NWI - National Wellness Institute

-formed to realize the mission of providing healht promotion and wellness professionals unparalleled resources and services that promote professional and personal growth.
-mission to serve the professionals and organization that promote optimal health and wellness in individuals and communities.

Journals by NWI

-American Journal of Healht Promotion
-Wellness Management
-Wellness News You Can Use
-Health Promotion Practitioner
-International Wellness Connection

SOPHE - Society for Public Health Education

-the only professional organization devoted exclusively to public health education and health promotion.
-mission to provide global leadership to the profession of health education and health promotion and to promote the health of society.
-smaller groups called CoP. "promote continuing education, networking, information exchange and advocacy among SOPHE members interested in specific topics and/or work settings.
-has good relationship with APHA and collab with AAHE.

Publications by SOPHE

-Health Education and Behavior Journal
-Health Promotion Practice Journal
-News & Views
-News U Can Use

IUHPE - International Union for Health Promotion and Education

-a global association with a mission to promote global health and to contribute to the achievement of equity in health between and within countries of the world.
-encourages and facilitates the free exchange of ideas, knowledge, expertise, and experiences and their dissemination, by conducting collaborative projects, both at global and regional levels
-only professional association that is truly worldwide

Publications by IUHPE

-Global Health Promotion
-Critical Public Health
-Health Promotion International
-Health Education Research
-International Journal of Mental Health Promotion
-International Journal of Public Health

AAHB - American Academy of Health Behavior ("The Academy")

-society of researchers and scholars in the areas of health behavior, health education, and health promotion
-created to improve the stature of health educators by supporting and promoting quality health behavior, health education, and health promotion research conducted by health educators.
-mission to serve as the 'research home' for health behavior scholars and researchers whose primary commitment is to excellence in research and the application of research to practice to improve the public's health.

Publications by AAHB

-American Journal of Health Behavior

ESG - Eta Sigma Gamma

-the national health education honorary
-primary purpose is furthering the professional competence and dedication of individual members of the health education/ promotion profession
-SEAL: lamp of learning, open book (teaching), microscope (research) and outstretched hand (service).

Publications by ESG

-The Health Educator
-The Health Education Monograph Series
-The Vision

DHPE - Directors of Health Promotion and Education

-professional group where membership is tied to one's EMPLOYMENT
-formed to strengthen public health capacity in policy and in systems change to improve the health of all and achieve health equity.

Society of State Leaders of Health and Physical Education ("The Society")

-professional group where membership is tied to one's EMPLOYMENT
-a professional association whose members supervise and coordinate programs in health, physical education, and related fields within state departments of education.

CNHEO - Coalition of National Health Education Organizations, USA

-non-profit federation of organizations dedicated to advancing the health education/ promotion profession.
-comprosed of representatives from 6 national associations/organizations with identifiable health education specialist memberships and ongoing health education/ promotion programs
-provides a common voice for the profession

NCHEC - National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc.

-not a professional organization that specialists join, but the organization is responsible for the individual credentialing of health education specialists, thus it has no members.

CODE OF ETHICS FOR HEALTH EDUCATION PROFESSION (pg. 347)

I. Responsibility to the Public
II. Responsibility to the Profession
III. Responsibility to Employers
IV. Responsibility in the Delivery of Health Education
V. Responsibility in Research and Evaluation
VI. Responsibility in Professional PReparation

RESPONSIBILITIES FOR HEALTH EDUCATION (HEJA 2010)

I. Assess Needs, Assets, and Capacity for Health Education
II. Plan Health Education
III. Implement Health Education
IV. Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education
V. Administer and Manage Health Education
VI. Serve as Health Education Resource Person
VII. Communicate and Advocate for Health and Health Education