PROGRESS

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A chronic, systemic autoimmune disorder that primarily attacks the synovial membranes of freely movable joints.

What joints are primarily affected by RA?

Diarthrodial (freely movable) joints, (e.g., fingers, toes, knees, shoulders)

What happens to joints during RA?

The immune system attacks synovial tissue, causing inflammation, swelling, synovial thickening, & eventual joint destruction.

What immune cells are activated in RA?

Monocytes and T-lymphocytes.

What are the common manifestations of RA?

Joint pain, swelling, redness, morning stiffness, fatigue, muscle weakness, and limited mobility.

How long does morning stiffness typically last in RA?

Greater than 30 minutes.

What three classic hand deformities can occur with RA?

Swan-neck deformity, boutonniere deformity, and ulnar deviation.

What are rheumatoid nodules?

Firm nodules associated with RA that can develop around joints and pressure areas.

What laboratory tests are used when evaluating RA?

Anti-CCP, rheumatoid factor (RF), ANA, CRP, and ESR.

What are important nursing interventions for RA?

Encourage activity with rest periods, manage pain, maintain joint function, prevent falls, and collaborate with PT/OT.