english file 7a vocab

a deterrent

/ə dɪˈtɜrənt/

something that discourages people from doing something

сдерживающее средство, устрашающий фактор

• The new law is meant to be a __________ for people who consider cheating on taxes

a serial offender

/ə ˈsɪriəl əˈfɛndər/

person who commits crimes again and again

рецидивист, серийный преступник

• The police described him as __________ who had been arrested many times

mitigating circumstances

/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪtɪŋ ˈsɜrkəmstænsɪz/

facts that make an offense seem less serious

смягчающие обстоятельства

• The judge took into account __________ such as his difficult childhood

diminished responsibility

/dɪˈmɪnɪʃt rɪˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti/

legal condition where mental problems reduce blame for a crime

ограниченная вменяемость

• The defense argued that he acted under __________ due to his mental illness

a custodial/non_custodial sentence

/ə kʌˈstoʊdiəl ˌnɑn kʌˈstoʊdiəl ˈsɛntəns/

a prison sentence or a sentence served in the community

наказание с лишением свободы или без лишения свободы

• The law allows courts to impose __________ depending on the case

community service /kəˈmjunəti ˈsɜrvɪs/

unpaid work ordered by a court instead of prison

общественные работы

• He was ordered to do __________ for stealing bicycles

a war crime

/ə ˈwɔr kraɪm/

serious violation of laws of war

военное преступление

• The court found the commander guilty of __________

hanging

/ˈhæŋɪŋ/

execution by suspending someone by the neck

повешение

• The country abolished __________ as a form of punishment

lethal injection

/ˈliθəl ɪnˈdʒɛkʃən/

execution by injecting deadly drugs

смертельная инъекция

• The state used __________ to carry out the execution

appeals system

/əˈpiz ˈsɪstəm/

legal process for asking a higher court to review a decision

система апелляций

• A fair __________ lets convicted people ask a higher court to review the case

a cell

/ə sɛl/

small room where a prisoner is kept

тюремная камера

• The prisoner was locked in __________ for the night

an exercise yard

/ən ˈɛksərsaɪz jɑrd/

outdoor area where prisoners exercise

прогулочный двор

• The inmates walked around __________ after breakfast

a prison officer

/ə ˈprɪzən ˈɔfɪsər/

person who guards prisoners

тюремный надзиратель, сотрудник тюрьмы

• The inmate asked __________ for help

in solitary confinement

/ɪn ˈsɑləˌtɛri kənˈfaɪnmənt/

kept alone in a cell as punishment

в одиночном заключении • He spent two weeks __________ after the fight

a maximum security prison

/ə ˈmæksɪməm sɪˈkjʊrəti ˈprɪzən/

prison with very strict controls for dangerous prisoners

тюрьма строгого режима

• The gang leader was transferred to __________

under surveillance

/ˈʌndər sərˈveɪləns/

being watched by police or authorities

под наблюдением

• The suspect was kept __________ for several months

an open prison

/ən ˈoʊpən ˈprɪzən/

prison with fewer restrictions

тюрьма с минимальными ограничениями

• He was moved to __________ before his release

be soft on (prisoners)

/bi sɔft ɑn/ informal

treat prisoners too leniently

быть мягким, снисходительным к заключённым

• Some people think the government should not __________