Pre-Clinical Exam

June 8, 2026 @ 1:00PM

What is the name of the indicated structure on the incisal ridge of the incisors?

Mamelons

When the indicated structures are worn away, what forms?

The Incisal Edge

Perikymata are:

Positive Anatomy or Ridges

Imbrication Lines are:

Negative Anatomy or Depressions

What embrasures are evident from a Facial/Buccal Viewpoint?

Gingival and Incisal/Occlusal Embrasures

What Embrasures are visible from an Occlusal Viewpoint?

Buccal/Facial and Lingual Embrasures

Underdeveloped or Overdeveloped Line angles with have an effect on the ____ of an embrasure.

Size

What is the term for triangular shaped space between the teeth normally filled with gingival tissue?

Gingival Embrasures (aka “Interproximal Space”)

The base of the “triangle” of the Gingival embrasure is known as the

Alveolar Process

The sides of the “triangle” of the Gingival embrasure is known as the

proximal surfaces of the contacting teeth

The apex of the “triangle” of the Gingival embrasure is known as the

Area of Contact

Anterior teeth from the facial/buccal view form the _______ Embrasure.

Incisal

Posterior teeth from the facial/buccal view form the _______ Embrasure.

Occlusal

The Largest Embrasure is found between with teeth?

Canine and 1st Premolar

The Smallest Embrasure is found between with teeth?

At the Midline (Between Central Incisors)

In the Maxillary Arch, the Facial/Buccal embrasures are ______ than the respective Lingual Embrasures, EXCEPT surrounding the ________.

Smaller; 1st Molar

What Clinical Issues result from Open or Impinged(Closed) embrasures?

Malpositioned Teeth (Crowding)

Oversized Proximal Contacts (Poorly Contoured Embrasures)

Carries/Fractures (Open Embrasures)

Mesial Cusps are ______ and Mesial Marginal Ridges (MMR) are ______

Larger; Taller

Contacts on posterior teeth are slightly positioned to the ______.

Buccal

In the Occlusal Viewpoint, Line angles on the Buccal are more ______.

Square

In the Occlusal Viewpoint, Line angles on the Lingual are more ______.

Round

Embrasures are typically _____ _______.

Mirror Images

All teeth, permanent and primary, exhibit a taper from ______ to ______.

Facial/Buccal; Lingual

The 3 exceptions for the Facial/Buccal to Lingual Taper are:

1. Permanent Maxillary 1st Molar

2. Permanent Mandibular 2nd Premolar (Y-Type)

3. Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar

All molars, permanent or primary, exhibit a taper from ______ to _______.

Mesial; Distal

The Mesial portion of a posterior tooth is ______ than the distal portion.

Larger

Line angles are ______ on the mesial.

Squarer

Line angles are ______ on the distal.

rounder

Mesial Marginal Ridges (MMR) are usually _______ than the Distal.

Taller (NOTE: The mandibular 1st premolar is an exception")

Molars taper:

Mesial to DIstal

Distal Cusps are _______ than Mesial Cusps.

Smaller

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #1 on the Mandibular Molar Shown?

Mesiobuccal (MB)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #2 on the Mandibular Molar Shown?

Distobuccal (DB)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #3 on the Mandibular Molar Shown?

Distal

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #4 on the Mandibular Molar Shown?

Mesiolingual (ML)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #5 on the Mandibular Molar Shown?

Distolingual (DL)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #1 on the Maxillary Molar Shown?

Mesiobuccal (MB)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #2 on the Maxillary Molar Shown?

Distobuccal (DB)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #3 on the Maxillary Molar Shown?

Mesiolingual (ML)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #4 on the Maxillary Molar Shown?

Distolingual (DL)

What is the name of the lobe indicated as #5 on the Maxillary Molar Shown?

Carabelli

What is a Developmental Depression?

A defined, recessed, or concave area on the surface of a tooth found between two primary parts of a crown or root.

Developmental depressions are typically exhibited as _______

Lobe Divisions

What are the four shapes of the teeth?

Rectangle, Triangle, Trapezoid, and Rhombus

All crowns from the Buccal or Lingual aspect are

Trapezoidal

The shorter of the parallel sides will be _______.

Gingival

The longer of the parallel sides will be _______.

Incisal/Occlusal

Maxillary posterior teeth from the proximal aspect are

Trapezoidal

From the proximal aspect, the longer of the parallel sides will be

Gingival

From the proximal aspect, the shorter of the parallel sides will be

Occlusal

Mandibular posterior teeth from the proximal aspect are

Rhomboidal

Maxillary & Mandibular anterior teeth from the proximal aspect are

Triangular

The base of the triangle of the anterior teeth from the proximal aspect is _______.

Gingival

The apex of the triangle of the anterior teeth from the proximal aspect is _______.

Incisal

When two teeth in the same arch are in contact with each other, four V” shaped spaces are created around the contact area that form a spillway called

Embrasures

Every contact area produces _______ embrasures.

4

The name of the 4 embrasures are:

Facial(A)/Buccal(P), Lingual, Incisal(A)/Occlusal(P), Gingival

What is indicated by Letter A?

The Occlusal Embrasure

What is indicated by Letter B?

Contact Area

What is indicated by Letter C?

Gingival or Cervical embrasure

What is indicated by Letter D?

Alveolar Bond

What is indicated by Letter E?

Buccal Embrasure

What is indicated by Letter F?

Lingual Embrasure

What is the name of the indicated orange section?

Occlusal Surface

What is the name of the indicated green section?

Buccal/Facial Surface and Labial/Facial Surface

What is the name of the indicated orange section?

Incisal Ridge

The surfaces of teeth facing toward adjoining teeth in the same arch are termed as

Proximal Surfaces

The surfaces of teeth that are parallel to the long axis of the tooth are termed as

Axial Surfaces

An elevation or mound on the crown portion of the tooth is known as the

Cusp

Any linear elevation on the surface of the tooth is a

Ridge

What are the indicated structures?

Triangular Ridges

What ridge descends from the tips of the cusps of posterior teeth toward the central part of the occlusal surface?

Triangular Ridges

Each cusp only has _____ Triangular ridge.

One

Triangular ridges are wider at the ____ than at the ____.

Base; Tip (think ok a bowling pin)

Each Cusp has 4 ridges but only one is a _______ ____.

Triangular Ridge

This ridge descends from the tips of cusps in directions other than toward the central part of the occlusal surface.

Cuspal Ridge

______ Ridges are unique to Maxillary Molars

Oblique

What ridge is formed by the triangular ridge of the DB cusps & the distal cusp ridge of the ML cusp?

Oblique Ridges

The union of two triangular ridges crossing the surface of a posterior tooth. (Purple)

Transverse Ridge

What ridges are the rounded borders of the enamel that from the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surface of posterior teeth

Marginal Ridges

What ridges are the rounded borders of the enamel that from the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surface of anterior teeth?

Marginal Ridges

What extends mesiodistally from the incisal most portion of the M and DE marginal ridges?

Incisal RIdge

What is the name of the Red structures?

Marginal Ridges

What is the name of the Pink structures?

Incisal RIdge

What is the name of the indicated structure?

Incisal Ridge

What is the name of the indicated structure?

Lingual Ridge

The lingual ridge extends from the _______ to the ______.

Cusp tip to the cingulum

True or False: The Incisors have lingual ridges

False

All of the teeth have lingual ridges except for the

Incisors

What is the name of the indicated structure?

Cervical Ridge

The cervical ridge occurs at the cervical __/__ (neck) of the tooth crown.

1/3

How many cervical ridges do the anterior teeth have?

2 (F and L)

How many cervical ridges do the posterior teeth have?

1 (Buccal)

The height of contour on the anterior teeth coincides with the ______ ______.

Cervical Ridge

The height of contour on the anterior teeth is created by the

Cervical ridge

The lingual height of contour is located in the _______ of the buccal surfaces of posterior teeth

cervical 1/3 (neck)

What is the name of the indicated structure?

Cingulum

What created the Lingual height of contour on anterior teeth?

Cingulum

The shape of the lingual fossa on the central incisors is

Trapezoidal

From the Buccal aspect, the first premolars crown’s symmetry is

not as bilaterally symmetrical