Untitled Flashcards Set

Formula for final velocity with constant acceleration

v_t = v_0 + at

Formula for position with initial position, velocity, and time

x_t = x_0 + v_0 t + (1/2)at^2

Acceleration is defined as

a = ∆v / ∆t

Momentum formula

p ≡ mv

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

K ≡ (1/2)mv^2

What is the gravitational acceleration on Earth?

g = 9.8 m/s²

What does E_mech represent?

Total mechanical energy, E_mech ≡ K + U

What is conservation of momentum?

In an isolated system, momentum is conserved before and after collisions.

Difference between elastic and inelastic collisions

Elastic collisions conserve kinetic energy; inelastic collisions do not.

What does ∆U = mg∆y represent?

Change in gravitational potential energy.

Definition of a closed system in physics

A system where energy is conserved and no external forces act.

What does the equation ∆E_mech = 0 imply?

The mechanical energy of a closed system is conserved.

What is the concept of forces in Newtonian mechanics?

Forces describe how objects interact and cause motion.

What is the importance of understanding Newton's Laws?

It provides a fuller and more intuitive picture of motion.

Transfer of momentum occurs during?

Contact between objects.

Potential energy influenced by height is known as?

Gravitational potential energy.

What are the two types of interactions discussed?

Non-dissipative (reversible) and dissipative (irreversible) interactions.

Why might a Newton’s cradle eventually stop?

Due to dissipative interactions like air resistance and friction.