Richard Gahr High School AP US History Summer Assignment

A complete set of vocabulary and historical ID flashcards based on the Richard Gahr High School AP US History summer assignment list. These terms and individuals are required for the matching quiz and ID quiz during the first week of school. Google Classroom join code: 505iimys.

Abolitionist

A person who advocated for the end of the institution of slavery.

Democracy

A system of government where power is vested in the people, typically through elected representatives.

Inflation

An economic condition characterized by a general increase in prices and a fall in the purchasing value of money.

Monopoly

The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a specific commodity or service.

Sectionalism

Loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole.

Anarchy

A state of disorder due to the absence or nonrecognition of authority or government.

Desegregation

The process of ending the separation of two groups, usually referring to the elimination of racial segregation.

Injunction

An authoritative warning or order, especially one granted by a court of law to stop a specific action.

Nullify

To make legally null and void; to invalidate or cancel out a law.

Sedition

Conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch.

Appeasement

A political policy of conceding to the demands of a belligerent nation in order to avoid war.

Despot

A ruler or other person who holds absolute power, typically one who exercises it in a cruel or oppressive way.

Insurgent

A person rising in active revolt or rebellion against an established government or authority.

Patronage

The power to control appointments to political office or the right to bestow privileges.

Segregation

The enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment.

Appropriation

The action of a legislative body setting aside a specific amount of money for a particular public use.

Duty

A payment or tax levied on certain goods, services, or transactions, typically on imports.

Integration

The act of bringing together different racial or ethnic groups to provide equal rights and opportunities.

Precedent

An earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.

Sovereignty

The supreme power or authority of a state to govern itself or another state.

Belligerent

A nation or person engaged in war or conflict, as recognized by international law.

Embargo

An official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.

Isolationism

A policy of remaining apart from the political affairs or interests of other groups or countries.

Propaganda

Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a particular political cause or point of view.

Spoils

The practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters (the spoils system).

Blockade

An act of sealing off a place to prevent goods or people from entering or leaving.

Exports

Goods or services produced in one country and sold to another country.

Laissez-Faire

A policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without government interference in the economy.

Boycott

A punitive ban that forbids relations with certain groups, countries, or organizations as a form of protest.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

Conscription

Compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into the armed forces.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

Liberal

A political philosophy favoring individual rights, civil liberties, democracy, and free enterprise.

Mandate

An official order or commission to do something; or the authority granted by a constituency to a representative.

Ratify

To sign or give formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

Recession

A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.

Suffrage

The legal right to vote in political elections.

Referendum

A general vote by the electorate on a single political question which has been referred to them for a direct decision.

Conservative

A political philosophy favoring traditional values and institutions and skeptical of rapid social change.

Imports

Goods or services brought into a country from abroad for sale.

Mercantilism

The economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by a favorable balance of trade.

Coup d'Etat

A sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government.

Impressment

The act of seizing men or property for public service or use, especially the historical British practice of forcing men into naval service.

Monarchy

A form of government with a monarch (such as a king or queen) at the head.

Reparations

Compensation, usually in money, provided by a defeated nation for damages or injury during war.

Secession

The action of withdrawing formally from membership of a federation or political state.

Tariff

A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.

Tenement

A room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments, often crowded and in poor condition.

Treaty

A formally concluded and ratified agreement between sovereign states.

Veto

A constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.

John Smith

A leader of the Jamestown colony in Virginia whose leadership was vital to its early survival.

Roger Williams

A Puritan minister who founded the Colony of Rhode Island based on the principle of religious freedom.

John Rolfe

An early English settler of North America credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco in the Virginia Colony.

Anne Hutchinson

A religious dissenter in the Massachusetts Bay Colony who challenged the authority of the Puritan clergy.

William Bradford

An English Puritan separatist who became the governor of the Plymouth Colony.

William Penn

The Quaker founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, established as a haven for religious tolerance.

John Winthrop

The first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, known for his 'City upon a Hill' sermon.

Samuel Adams

An American statesman and a leader of the movement that became the American Revolution.

Thomas Paine

The author of 'Common Sense,' a pamphlet that influenced the American drive for independence.

Alexander Hamilton

A Founding Father and the first Secretary of the Treasury who founded the nation's financial system.

John Jay

A Founding Father, diplomat, and the first Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.

James Madison

A Founding Father known as the 'Father of the Constitution' and the fourth President of the United States.