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A member of the Algonquian people of Rhode Island and Massachusetts who greeted the Pilgrims.

Wampanoag

Confederacy of Native American groups in Eastern Virginia at the time of the arrival of English settlers at Jamestown.

Powhatan

1675 - Longest and bloodiest conflict between settlers and Natives Americans King Phillip who resisted English encroachment onto their land. Led to the deaths of 25% of the Puritan population in New England.

King Philip's War/Metacom Rebellion

A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason and logic in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.

The Enlightenment

1730s/1740s - A revival of Christianity led by George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards who preached forgiveness of sins led to a growing sense of individual faith v reliance on organize churches for salvation and the establishment of numerous colleges in the Colonies.

First Great Awakening

Idea advocated by John Locke who believed government's job was to protect and uphold rights all citizens are born with which include life, liberty, and property.

Natural Rights

Idea developed by Montesquieu that the powers of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government should be divided whereby each branch can check and balance the powers of the other two.

Separation of Powers

Idea advanced by Voltaire that government should not make laws in favor of or against any one religion and that the church should have no power or influence over the government.

Separation of Church and State

Idea advocated by Jean-Jacques Rousseau that the people and government enter into an unwritten contract whereby the government agrees to rule on behalf of the people and protect them but can be overthrown by the people if it abuses its power or violates the rights of the people.

Social Contract Theory