Actions + origin & insertion of muscles

Flexion

 bend, decreasing angle or length (forward)

Extension

 straighten, increasing angle or length (backward)

Hyperextension

go past its normal extensions (like leg back)

Dorsiflexion

bend ankle back to pull toes up

Plantar flexion

bend ankle forward to point toes to the ground

Inversion

turn ankles inward

Eversion

 turn ankle out

Abduction

the movement away from its midline reference

Adduction

structure is added back toward the midline reference

Protraction

Moves scapula forward and side

retraction

moves scapulae backward and middle 

Evevation

a movement in a superior direction or upward

Depression

movement of a part doing downward

Supination

Rotation of radius in a lateral direction (thumbs away, palms up)

Pronation

 rotation of radius in a medial direction (thumbs middle, palms down)

Masseter

Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Mandible

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: Sternum and clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process

Deltoid

Origin: Clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity

Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Humerus

Brachialis

Origin: Lower half of anterior humerus
Insertion: Ulna

Biceps brachii – short head

Origin: Coracoid process
Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Biceps brachii – long head

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Triceps brachii – long head

Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: Olecranon process

Triceps brachii – lateral head

Origin: Posterior humerus, above radial groove
Insertion: Olecranon process

Triceps brachii – medial head

Origin: Posterior humerus, below radial groove
Insertion: Olecranon process

Sartorius

Origin: ASIS
Insertion: Medial tibia

Gastrocnemius

Origin: Femoral condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus

Tibialis anterior

Origin: Lateral tibia
Insertion: Medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal