Social control and Deviance: Exam 2

Labeling theory

When you label someone, it impacts their identity and they act in terms of that label. It’s also an iteration of symbolic interactionism.

Social self in sociology

Who you are in one social situation isn’t the same as in other social situations.

Generalized other.

Your conscience or social conscience. Individual conscience is different than social conscience.

The social self can be

Interactive reflexive or mutable.

Functional identity

We have a sense of what’s happened to us overtime. It’s all there is to your core identity.

I, me, and the generalized other

Pure ego, empirical, ego, and super ego.

Awareness of the “me”

Outside is bringing reality to existence, also known as the I.

Inside is being brought to reality, also known as the me.

Generalized other in terms of the super ego

Sense of what’s real and what is valuable.

Social ecology

Distribution of humans plants or animals over a space.

Merton definition of anomie

People who aren’t officially integrated into society because of how it is set up.

Lumpen Proletrait (Marx)

Used to describe the lowest most degraded stratum of an industrial society.

Social control theory

People, given the opportunity, will do behaviors that are antisocial.

Cui Bono (capitalism)

To who’s benefit

Socialization

A molding of a person into society

Primary deviance (Lemert)

Every day deviance or normal deviance. Sometimes we intentionally or unintentionally do it.

Doesn’t result in a transformation of identity of our perception of ourselves the eyes of a social audience.

Total institutions

Where your sense of self is completely transformed in the institution takes over it.

Retrospective interpretation

People go back into your life in order to find proof that points to your motivational type.

Extrusionary model

The person is excluded from the information they need to be a normal, respectable member of society.

Moral career

Assessment of essential character of the audience.

Degradation ceremonies are successful when it

Leads to a total transformation of identity.

Techniques of neutralization

Denial of responsibility, denial of injury, denial of the victim, condemnation of condemner, and appeal to higher loyalties.

Reaction formation, according to Cohen

When you do the exact opposite of what is expected of you.

Denial of responsibility ex:

I made a mistake or peer pressure made me do it.

Denial of injury example

No one got hurt or what’s the problem or it’s just a joke.

Denial of victim

Justifies by claiming the victim to deserves it.

Contamination of condemner’s example

You’re worse than I am because you engage in hypocritical behavior.

Appeal to higher loyalties example

I was defending someone or I had to protect them. (Loyalty is more important than what was done.)

The personality in psychology (deviance)

The result of interaction of a person‘s tendencies, their observations and their environmental situational context. Inside out framework.

Durkheim definition of anomie

Periods of rapid social and economic change, particularly in industrialization.

Undermine the existing moral foundation of traditional rural society, deregulating behavior control.

Radical theory (Marx)

Deviance is the consequence of deep economic, conflict, as well as preparation and concentration of wealth by a dominant minority in class divided societies.

Liberal feminist theory

Highlights, gender, inequalities and discrimination. Argues that these are the product of differential patterns of child socialization or gendered social learning.

Radical feminist theory

Focuses on biological differences between men and women which account for increased aggression and violence by men compared to women.

Hirschi and Gottfredson, self-control theory

Failure of some to exercise sufficient self-control over internal impulses to immediate gratification and excitement.

Hirschi and Gottfredson: social control theory

Assumes everyone has the potential to offend unless there are deterrents to prevent this.

Deviant social status

A judgment about the moral worth of a person based on the social meaning of certain characteristics.

Theory of office

The way workers in institutions and organizations develop a rationale to fulfill their work task.

Master status

One that takes priority over all other statuses possessed by a person, so much so that the person comes to represent the thing described.

Stereotype

Category that purports to capture the essence of a person, according to key features that are drawn out as important.

Deviance disavowel

Stigmatized acknowledge their devalued status, but try to present a positive image of who they are.

The discreditable

Person who’s negative deviance or stigmatized behavior aren’t publicly known.

also known as as secret deviants.

The discredited

Person’s negative deviance/behavior are known or unavoidable.

Secondary deviance

Deviant that is so awful that it reflects on who you are and how others perceive you. Results in social self transformation.

Drift

“soft determinism”, individuals move between normative and deviant behavior

subculture

a social group with distinct norms, values, and styles that differentiate it from mainstream society.

stigma

a social mark of disgrace that discredits individuals or groups based on perceived deviance

total identity

the overarching social profile, status, and moral standing that somones occupies in the eyes of their community.

Substantial identity

how a person's core, internal self-concept clashes or aligns with external categories.