other test notes

Neoclassicism

An architectural movement that created new designs derived directly from classical Greek and Roman precedent as a result of Enlightenment cultural shifts.

Impact of the 1730s Pompeii excavations on architecture

Provided precise archaeological records that allowed Neoclassical architects to accurately study and copy ancient Roman structures.

Picturesque design

An approach originating in landscape painting that avoids a central axis, using non-linear visual cues to guide movement and creating the impression of construction across multiple eras.

Fictive history

The practice of drawing from eclectic historical sources to make a building appear as if it served a different meaning or purpose when originally constructed.

Gothic Revival

A 19th-century Western European architectural movement marked by dramatic verticals, closely associated with the medieval Age of Faith.

Vernacular architecture

Structures designed and built by local non-professional artisans using regional materials and traditional practices suited to the immediate surroundings.

The Red House

A landmark example of Arts and Crafts vernacular architecture associated with William Morris.

Julia Morgan

The first woman admitted to and graduated from the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, who became California's first registered female architect and designed Hearst Castle.

Louis Sullivan

Architect known for an organic design philosophy where decorative ornament accentuates a building's purpose and exterior forms reflect interior structural zones.

Tatami mat

A traditional Japanese flooring element composed of woven rice straw, standardized to a $3 \times 6$ proportion.

Tokonoma

A recessed art alcove in traditional Japanese architecture intended for displaying an object of meditation or artwork.

Shoji screen

A paper-covered wooden sliding frame used in traditional Japanese architecture to separate interior spaces from the outdoors.