IB History Paper 2: Authoritarian States- Castro Quiz Guide

Platt Amendment

2 things

• non-alignment restrictions (cuba could not enter an agreement/treaty w/ another country that could threaten US interest

• U.S. right to intervene (U.S. could occupy Cuba to preserve independance, stabilize gov, and protect life.

Monoculture economy

• Cuba is highly dependent on a single crop (sugar) which is seasonal so unemployment fluctuates

Guantanamo Bay

• permanent lease to U.S. → only deemed void if both sides agree

• we use it for military + interrogation of terrorists

Batista

• limited democracy, widespread corruption, favored/protected U.S interest

• reclaims power in a coup by force

• lots of unfulfilled promises

• Castro Removes

M26 Movement

• 7-26-53 → Castro’s 1st failed attempt to overthrow Batista

• Castro is then arrested

• “History will absolve me speech”

• he is then exiled and flees to Sierra Maestra Mountains

Sierra Maestra Mountains/Campaign

• guerilla tactics - Batista Flees

• Castro has lots of backing and the media sides with Castro bc of his fair treatment to prisoners

Pact of Caracas

• cubans formally recognize Castro as revolutionary leader

• seeks the support of revolutionary groups and unifies them against Batista's regime

Moncada Program

• Created by Castro

• it outlined the goals of the revolution, including social reforms and calls for land redistribution

• The program aimed to address the needs and rights of the Cuban people

• “history will absolve me”

Rebel Radio

• their version of the peoples receiver

• a communication tool used by Castro to spread revolutionary ideas and news

Guerilla warfare

• A military strategy utilizing small, mobile groups of irregular forces to fight a larger, traditional military

• It emphasizes ambushes, sabotage, and hit-and-run tactics, often conducted in difficult terrain

• suprise attaxk from mountains