microlab cell struture

describe fimbriae

short, fine, hairlike appendages

fimbriae function

important for attachment to surfaces

describe pili

larger than fimbriae and protrude from bacteria

pili function

facilitate twitching motility by short intermittent jerky motions

describe chemotaxis

involuntary process chemic cue from environment that guides movement

describe coccus

sphere shaped

describe diplococci

two spheres attached

streptococci

multiple spheres in a row

staphylococci

spheres clustered together in grape bunch

bacilli

rod shape with 2 flagella

streptobacilli

multiple rods attached in a row

diplobacilli

2 rods attached

spirochete

long, thin spiral shape

vibrio

curved rod with one flagella

spirilla

rigid spiral with external flagella

examples of eukaryotic cells

plants, animals, and fungi

examples of prokaryotic cells

single-celled organisms ; bacteria and archaea

which organism cannot live independently on its own

viruses

all living cells share five components

plasma membrane

cytoplasm

DNA

ribosome

cytoskeleton

these structures: ER, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and lysosomes are known to

eukaryotes

eukaryotic ribosomes are

80S

prokaryotic ribosomes are

70S

DNA in eukaryotes are found in

nucleus

DNA found in prokaryotes are found freely in

cytoplasm —> nucleoid

plasmids are known to

prokaryotes

plasmid function

ability to replicate independently of nuclear DNA

which cell wall has a thick layer of peptidoglycan

gram - positive

which cell wall has a thin peptidoglycan layer and outer membrane

gram negative