Scholasticism and Logic Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering key figures, definitions, and concepts in Scholasticism, logic, and problem solving.

Scholasticism

A way of using reason and logic to answer questions about philosophy and religion.

Dialectics

Looking at both sides of an argument.

Syllogism

Two premises that lead to a conclusion.

Thomas Aquinas

A famous Scholastic thinker who connected Aristotle's ideas with Christian theology.

Peter Abelard

A thinker known for dialectical debate and reasoning.

Averroes

A Muslim philosopher and scholar associated with Aristotle, also known as Ibn Rushd.

Avicenna

A Muslim philosopher and scholar who preserved and developed philosophical knowledge, also known as Ibn Sina.

Maimonides

A Jewish philosopher who engaged with Aristotelian philosophy.

Modern Logic

A more formal and systematic way of reasoning.

George Boole

A thinker known for Boolean algebra, which uses AND, OR, and NOT logic.

Gottolob Frege

An important figure in predicate logic associated with logical ideas such as "For all" and "There exists".

Russell & Whitehead

Figures associated with Principia Mathematica and symbolic logic.

Boolean Logic Operators

Logic rules using AND (both conditions must be true), OR (at least one condition can be true), and NOT (reverses/negates a condition).

Four Steps of Problem Solving

The four basic steps: 1. Understand (What is the problem?), 2. Plan (What will I do?), 3. Do (Carry out the plan), and 4. Check (Did it work?).