Glycolysis Payoff Phase

Further breakdown of the glycolysis process.

What is the first step in glycolysis involving G3P?

G3P is converted to 1,3-BPG with the addition of a second phosphate and the reduction of NAD⁺ to NADH.

What occurs during the rearrangement steps of 3-PG?

3-PG is converted to 2-PG and then to PEP through phosphate shifting and water removal, with no ATP produced.

What is the overall ATP and NADH payout per G3P in glycolysis?

Each G3P yields 1 NADH and 2 ATP.

What role does NAD⁺ play in the first step of glycolysis?

NAD⁺ acts as an electron acceptor, becoming NADH when it captures electrons during the conversion of G3P to 1,3-BPG.

What does the term 'payout' refer to in the context of glycolysis?

Payout refers to the production of ATP and NADH during the glycolysis process.

What happens to the phosphate groups during the conversion of PEP to pyruvate?

The phosphate group from PEP is transferred to ADP, forming ATP and resulting in pyruvate.

What happens to 1,3-BPG in glycolysis?

It donates a high-energy phosphate to ADP to form ATP, resulting in 3-PG.

How many NADH and ATP are produced per glucose molecule during glycolysis?

2 NADH and 4 ATP are produced per glucose, as each glucose yields two G3P.

What is the significance of the high-energy phosphate in glycolysis?

The high-energy phosphate is crucial for ATP production during the conversion of 1,3-BPG to ATP.

What is the role of water in the rearrangement steps of glycolysis?

Water is removed during the conversion of 2-PG to PEP, facilitating the formation of a high-energy molecule.

What is the final step of glycolysis?

PEP is converted to pyruvate, generating a second ATP.