AP World topic 26

US isolationism

U.S. policy avoiding foreign alliances after WWI.

Benito Mussolini

Fascist leader who ruled Italy before and during WWII.

Fascism

Authoritarian nationalism with dictatorial power and state control.

Corporatist economy

Economy where groups like business and labor guide policy.

Authoritarianism

Government with strong central power and limited freedoms.

Pancho Villa

Mexican revolutionary leader in the north.

Emiliano Zapata

Mexican revolutionary leader in the south; land reform advocate.

Diego Rivera

Mexican muralist promoting nationalism and socialist themes.

PRI

Dominant political party in post-revolutionary Mexico.

New Economic Policy (NEP)

Lenin’s plan allowing some capitalism in USSR.

USSR

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; communist state after 1922.

Comintern

Soviet organization to spread global communism.

Joseph Stalin

Soviet dictator after Lenin; industrialized and ruled by terror.

Collectivization

Combining private farms into large state-run farms.

Kulaks

Wealthier peasants targeted during collectivization.

Kerensky & provisional gov

Temporary Russian government overthrown by Bolsheviks.

Soviets

Local councils of workers and soldiers in Russia.

Lenin & the Bolshevik Revolution

Communist revolution overthrowing Russian Provisional Government in 1917.

War communism

Harsh Soviet economic policy during Russian Civil War.

Red Army & Leon Trotsky

Bolshevik military force led by Trotsky.

Guomindang/Nationalist Party

Chinese nationalist party led by Chiang Kai-shek.

May Fourth Movement

Anti-imperialist Chinese student protests in 1919.

Mao Zedong

Communist leader who led China after civil war.

Chiang Kai-shek

Leader of Chinese Nationalists, rival of Mao.

The Long March

Communist retreat during Chinese Civil War; Mao’s rise.

Great Depression

Global economic collapse starting in 1929.

Popular Front

Leftist coalition governments in 1930s France and Spain.

New Deal

U.S. programs to fight the Great Depression.

Totalitarian

Government controlling all aspects of life.

Adolf Hitler

Nazi dictator of Germany during WWII.

National Socialism/Nazism

Fascist ideology combining nationalism and racism.

Gestapo

Nazi secret police enforcing totalitarian rule.

Anti-Semitism

Hatred and discrimination against Jews.

Spanish Civil War/Franco

War won by fascist Franco with Nazi support.

Guernica & Picasso

Painting of Nazi bombing during Spanish Civil War.

Corporatism

System organizing society into corporate groups under the state.

Cárdenas & Mexico

Mexican president who nationalized oil and supported land reform.

Vargas & Brazil

Authoritarian Brazilian leader promoting industrialization.

Juan & Evita Perón

Argentine populist leaders with military and worker support.

Populism

Political approach appealing to ordinary people’s concerns.

Five-year plans

Stalin’s plans to industrialize USSR quickly.

Socialist realism

Soviet art style glorifying communism and workers.

Politburo

Communist Party’s main policy-making committee.

Purges

Stalin’s campaign to eliminate political enemies.

Totalitarian

Government with total control over society and individuals.