psych. prologue definitions

structuralism

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind.

functionalism

a school of psycology that focused on our mental and behavioural processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish.

behaviourism

the view that psycology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.

humanistic psychology

historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individuals potential for personal growth.

cognitive neuroscience

the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition.

psychology

the science of behaviour and mental process.

nature-nurture issue

the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today’s science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture.

natural selection

the principal that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.

(3) levels of analysis

the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon.

biopsychosocial approach

an inegrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis.

basic research

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.

applied research

scientific study that aims to solve practical problems.

counselling psychology

a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living.

clinical psychology

a branch of psychology that studies, assses, and treats people with psychological disorders.

psychiatry

a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as physiological therapy.

SQ3R

a study method incorporating five steps:

1. survey

2. question

3. read

4. rehearse

5. review