CHEM& 161: Elements, Diatomic Molecules, and Common Ions

Flashcards covering essential element symbols, polyatomic elemental forms, and common cations and anions required for CHEM& 161 Exam 2.

Polyatomic Element

An element that exists as a molecule composed of two or more atoms when it is a pure substance at $1\,\text{atm}$ and $20\,^\circ\text{C}$.

Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer

A mnemonic used to memorize the seven diatomic elements: Hydrogen ($\text{H}_2$), Nitrogen ($\text{N}_2$), Fluorine ($\text{F}_2$), Oxygen ($\text{O}_2$), Iodine ($\text{I}_2$), Chlorine ($\text{Cl}_2$), and Bromine ($\text{Br}_2$).

Antimony

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Sb}$.

Tungsten

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{W}$.

Lead

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Pb}$.

Tin

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Sn}$.

Potassium

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{K}$.

Sodium

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Na}$.

Mercury

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Hg}$.

Gold

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Au}$.

Silver

A chemical element represented by the chemical symbol $\text{Ag}$.

Phosphorus (pure substance at $1\,\text{atm}$ and $20\,^\circ\text{C}$)

A polyatomic element that exists naturally as a tetratomic solid, written as $\text{P}_4(s)$.

Sulfur (pure substance at $1\,\text{atm}$ and $20\,^\circ\text{C}$)

A polyatomic element that exists naturally as an octatomic solid, written as $\text{S}_8(s)$.

Selenium (pure substance at $1\,\text{atm}$ and $20\,^\circ\text{C}$)

A polyatomic element that exists naturally as an octatomic solid, written as $\text{Se}_8(s)$.

Bromine (pure substance at $1\,\text{atm}$ and $20\,^\circ\text{C}$)

A diatomic halogen that exists naturally in the liquid state, written as $\text{Br}_2(l)$.

Iodine (pure substance at $1\,\text{atm}$ and $20\,^\circ\text{C}$)

A diatomic halogen that exists naturally in the solid state, written as $\text{I}_2(s)$.

Ammonium

A polyatomic cation with a $1+$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{NH}_4^+$.

Hydronium

A polyatomic cation with a $1+$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$.

Mercury(I)

A polyatomic cation with a $2+$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{Hg}_2^{2+}$.

Cuprous

The systematic name copper(I); a copper cation with a $1+$ charge, written as $\text{Cu}^+$.

Cupric

The systematic name copper(II); a copper cation with a $2+$ charge, written as $\text{Cu}^{2+}$.

Ferrous

The systematic name iron(II); an iron cation with a $2+$ charge, written as $\text{Fe}^{2+}$.

Ferric

The systematic name iron(III); an iron cation with a $3+$ charge, written as $\text{Fe}^{3+}$.

Stannous

The systematic name tin(II); a tin cation with a $2+$ charge, written as $\text{Sn}^{2+}$.

Stannic

The systematic name tin(IV); a tin cation with a $4+$ charge, written as $\text{Sn}^{4+}$.

Lead(IV)

A lead cation with a $4+$ charge, written as $\text{Pb}^{4+}$.

Acetate

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{C}_2\text{H}_3\text{O}_2^-$ or $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-$.

Hydride

A monatomic anion of hydrogen carrying a $1-$ charge, represented as $\text{H}^-$.

Hydroxide

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{OH}^-$.

Cyanide

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{CN}^-$.

Hypochlorite

A chlorine oxyanion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{ClO}^-$.

Chlorite

A chlorine oxyanion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{ClO}_2^-$.

Chlorate

A chlorine oxyanion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{ClO}_3^-$.

Perchlorate

A chlorine oxyanion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{ClO}_4^-$.

Permanganate

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{MnO}_4^-$.

Bromate

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{BrO}_3^-$.

Hydrogen Carbonate (Bicarbonate)

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{HCO}_3^-$.

Hydrogen Sulfate (Bisulfate)

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{HSO}_4^-$.

Dihydrogen Phosphate

A polyatomic anion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{H}_2\text{PO}_4^-$.

Nitrate

A nitrogen oxyanion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{NO}_3^-$.

Nitrite

A nitrogen oxyanion with a $1-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{NO}_2^-$.

Peroxide

A polyatomic oxygen anion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{O}_2^{2-}$.

Carbonate

A polyatomic anion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{CO}_3^{2-}$.

Chromate

A polyatomic chromium oxyanion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{CrO}_4^{2-}$.

Dichromate

A polyatomic chromium oxyanion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7^{2-}$.

Hydrogen Phosphate

A polyatomic anion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{HPO}_4^{2-}$.

Sulfate

A sulfur oxyanion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{SO}_4^{2-}$.

Sulfite

A sulfur oxyanion with a $2-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{SO}_3^{2-}$.

Phosphate

A phosphorus oxyanion with a $3-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{PO}_4^{3-}$.

Phosphite

A phosphorus oxyanion with a $3-$ charge and the chemical formula $\text{PO}_3^{3-}$.