PKAT Renal

What structure is the functional unit of the kidney?

• the neuron

• the acinus

• the nephron

• the ureter

the nephron

Which two hormones are synthesized in the kidney?

• cortisol and epinephrine

• testosterone and estrogen

• aldosterone and cortisol

• erythropoietin and renin

erythropoietin and renin

What is the end result of activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

• increase in BP

• decrease in BP

• increase in diuresis

• decrease in heart rate

increase in BP

Which is a true statement regarding the formation of urine?

• normal urine should contain protein and microscopic red blood cells

• The normal amount of urine produced daily in an adult is 300 ml.

• The glomerulus is a high pressure capillary which filters out fluid from the bloodstream to make urine.

• The kidneys are the main source of elimination of solid waste from the body.  

The glomerulus is a high pressure capillary which filters out fluid from the bloodstream to make urine.

Which substance acts on the kidneys to promote the reabsorption of water into the renal tubules?

• aldosterone

• thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

• adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

• anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

When the body is in a crisis situation, the sympathetic nervous system preferentially shunts blood to the kidneys.

• true or false

false

Which laboratory test is the most specific indicator of renal function?

• serum lactic dehydrogenase

• CT of the pelvis

• serum creatinine

• KUB (kidney, ureter, bladder) x-ray

serum creatinine

What do the kidneys do in a primary respiratory acidosis?

• excrete more bicarbonate into the urine

• increase CO2 in the bloodstream

• decrease the amount of bicarb excreted into the urine

• hold onto more hydrogen ions to recirculate in the bloodstream

decrease the amount of bicarb excreted into the urine

Which substance regulated by the kidney can cause serious cardiac arrhythmias if abnormally high or low?

• potassium

• glucose

• anti-diuretic hormone

• vitamin B12

potassium

Which substance does the kidney send to the bone marrow to stimulate it to make more red blood cells?

• epinephrine

• erythropoietin

• vitamin D

• cortisol stimulating hormone

erythropoietin