Science Quiz 3

Which one of these shows the greatest degree of hierarchical structural organization?

Multicellular life

The structure of a human skin cell differs from that of a human muscle cell. The two cells most likely have different..

Functions

What is the function of epithelial tissue in the human stomach?

Protection, secretion, and absorption

What are the main differences between plant and animal cells?

Their outer structures, energy production, and internal organization.

Which of the organelles can be found in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Ribosomes are found free-floating in the cytoplasm and the rough ER.

Specialized structures that work together inside a cell are called..

Organelles

Explain the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Eukaryotes have a membrane-bound nucleus and specialized organelles while prokaryotes do not.

A membrane-bound sac used to transport substances into and out of cells is a..

Vesicle

Describe the nuclear membrane.

A double layered barrier that encloses the nucleus in the eukaryotic cells.

The specialized structures of different types of cells are related to the cell's..

Function

Where do human cells get most of the energy they need for metabolism?

By breaking down glucose and lipids from food through a process called cell respiration.

A certain toxin prevents the mitochondria from functioning properly. Describe the immediate effect that this toxin would have on a cell.

A sharp drop in ATP production. This would cut off the primary energy supply the cell needs to perform normal functions.

Briefly explain the relationship between cells, organs, and tissues.

Cells are the basic, living unit of life. Tissues are groups of similar cells working together to perform similar functions. Organs are a lot of tissues working together.

Explain how the rough ER, Golgi apparatus, and the vesicles work together

The rough ER makes proteins, the Golgi apparatus packages them, and the vesicles transports them.

Why is cell differentiation important?

It gives the cells a chance to change their structure and functions.

What is cell differentiation?

The process where unspecialized stem cells become specialized cells.

Give me 3 examples of specialized stem cells

Muscle, nerve, and blood cells.