Chem II Test #2

conversion between Celsius and Kelvin

°C + 273.15 = K

combined gas law

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

ideal gas law

PV = nRT

two requirements for ideal gasses

1. no volume

2. no intermolecular forces

dalton’s law of partial pressures

P_total = P₁ + P₂ … + P_n

if K_eq>1…

the reaction “lies right,” or the forward reaction is favored

If K_eq<1…

the reaction “lies left,” or the reverse reaction is favored

if Q > K_eq…

system shifts left

if Q < K_eq

system shifts right

result of adding H₂O

all concentrations decrease → determine shift by determining which side’s concentrations decrease more

change in heat for exothermic reactions

is heat a product or reactant?

emits heat, so ΔH < 0

heat is a product

change in heat for endothermic reactions

is heat a product or reactant?

consumes heat, so ΔH > 0

heat is a reactant

conditions under which the ideal gas law is inapplicable

1. low temperature

2. high pressure

environmental condition that affects K_eq

temperature

type of equilibrium shift that cannot be explained by K_eq vs Q argument

temperature change