🌟📋All Knowledge Check Ch. 3 & 4 Embryo

In the first 20 weeks, the prenatal mandible articulates with which bone(s)? A. Incus B. Malleus C. Stapes D. Both A and B

D. Both A and B

Which defines the term synchondrosis? A. The rod-shaped cartilage of the hyoid arch. B. The center of all growth and function in the mandible. C. A band of connective tissue containing osteogenic cells. D. A union of two bones that have been separated by cartilage.

D. A union of two bones that have been separated by cartilage.

Which bones support the palatine shelf? A. Maxillary B. Temporal C. Zygomatic D. Mandibular

A. Maxillary

Which type of facial suture has a beveled or overlapping junction? A. Simple B. Serrated C. Synchondrosis D. Squamosal

D. Squamosal

Which branchial arches form the hyoid bone? A. I and II B. II and III C. III and IV D. IV and V

B. II and III

The primitive mouth is known as the _________. A. basion B. sella turcica C. stomodeum D. tympanic membrane

C. stomodeum

After the fifth prenatal week, the first and fifth branchial arches grow toward each other and over other arches. This overgrowth obscures the external pharyngeal grooves. A. Both statements are true. B. Both statements are false. C. The first statement is true; the second is false. D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

The stomodeum first appears in the __________ week of prenatal development. A. second B. fourth C. sixth D. eighth

B. fourth

A pharyngeal fistula opens to drain on the: A. cheek. B. buccal mucosa. C. side of the neck and the pharynx. D. chest.

C. side of the neck and the pharynx.

Meckel’s cartilage provides structure for the developing _______. A. maxilla B. mandible C. temporal bone D. zygomatic bone

B. mandible

The thymus gland arises from which branchial arch? A. I B. II C. III D. IV

C. III

The mandible is formed from which pharyngeal arch? A. First B. Second C. Third D. Fourth

A. First

The mandible develops from the second branchial arch. A. True B. False

B. False

Each of the following is part of Waldeyer’s tonsillar ring EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Lingual tonsil B. Palatine tonsil C. Pharyngeal tonsil D. Foramen cecum

D. Foramen cecum

The second pharyngeal arch is also known as the __________ arch. A. hyoid B. inferior C. superior D. mandibular

A. hyoid

Which muscle grows around the oral pit in the sixth prenatal week? A. Buccinator B. Mylohyoid C. Orbicularis oris D. Zygomatic major

C. Orbicularis oris

An opening of a nostril into the oral cavity is classified as an incomplete cleft lip. A. True B. False

B. False

Bilateral nasal placodes appear in the seventh week of gestation. A. True B. False

B. False

Palatal development occurs during the __________ weeks of gestation. A. first to third B. fourth to sixth C. seventh to ninth D. tenth to twelfth

C. seventh to ninth

Cleft palate is the most common facial malformation. A. True B. False

A. True

A swelling that opens on the surface of the neck is called a thyroglossal _________. A. cyst B. duct C. gland D. fistula

D. fistula

The eyes move to the front of the face in the sixth week of prenatal development. A. True B. False

B. False

In the fifth week, the frontal process becomes known as the: A. frontonasal process. B. philtrum. C. medial nasal process. D. lateral nasal process.

A. frontonasal process.

The heart begins beating at the end of which week? A. Second B. Fourth C. Sixth D. Eighth

B. Fourth

Branchial clefts may be found along the anterior border of the trapezius muscle. A. True B. False

B. False

The muscles of facial expression arise from the hyoid arch. A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following arises from the first pharyngeal arch? A. Inferior hyoid B. Laryngeal cartilages C. Tissues that form the cheeks D. Muscles of facial expression

C. Tissues that form the cheeks

The nasal capsule contains the organ of smell. A. True B. False

A. True

Which of the following is not a muscle of mastication? A. Masseter B. Temporalis C. Orbicularis oculi D. Lateral pterygoid

C. Orbicularis oculi

The face develops in the ____________ prenatal weeks. A. first to third B. fourth to seventh C. eighth to eleventh D. twelfth to fourteenth

B. fourth to seventh

The ultimobranchial body is the origin of which hormone? A. Insulin B. Calcitonin C. Dopamine D. Testosterone

B. Calcitonin

White males develop a cleft lip more often than white females. A. True B. False

A. True

The word for programmed cell death during palatal shelf elevation and closure is A. fusion. B. merging. C. apoptosis. D. migration.

C. apoptosis.

The second pharyngeal arch is also known as the __________ arch. A. hyoid B. inferior C. superior D. mandibular

A. hyoid

A combination of genetic and _____ factors are associated with palatal and facial clefts. A. social B. behavioral C. age-related D. environmental

D. environmental

Auricular hillocks develop near which location? A. External ear canal B. Tuberculum impar C. Medial nasal process D. Oronasal optic groove

A. External ear canal

The oral and nasal cavities are separated by the A. alveolar bone. B. anterior nasal spine. C. palate. D. nasal septum.

C. palate.

Cleft palate will not occur without cleft lip. A. True B. False

B. False

Which best defines the term nasal fin? A. Oblique groove extending from the nostrils to the eyes B. Medial nasal process that composes part of the upper lip C. Zone of fusion that binds the maxillary and medial processes D. Wedge-shaped process that assists in the formation of the palate

C. Zone of fusion that binds the maxillary and medial processes

Epithelial cysts occasionally arise along the path of thyroid descent. A. True B. False

A. True

Each of the following sutures is a facial suture EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Frontomaxillary B. Sagittal C. Zygomaticomaxillary D. Zygomaticotemporal

B. Sagittal

The superior parathyroid develops from the ________ pharyngeal pouch, whereas the inferior parathyroid develops from the _______. A. fourth; third B. third; fourth C. fifth; second D. second; fifth

A. fourth; third

The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) provides taste sensation to the anterior two thirds of the tongue. A. True B. False

B. False

Meckel’s cartilage acts as a framework for the developing mandible. A. True B. False

A. True

Which gland regulates the body’s calcium balance? A. Thyroid B. Parathyroid C. Pancreas D. Adrenal

B. Parathyroid

Which type of bone protects the brain? A. Short B. Dermal C. Sesamoid D. Membrane

D. Membrane

Sutures are fibrous joints. A. True B. False

A. True

Which best defines the term fusion? A. A separation of tissues B. The enzymatic action that results in self-destruction C. A merging of adjacent tissues during orofacial development D. The period of growth in which the face becomes recognizably human

C. A merging of adjacent tissues during orofacial development

The tongue’s immovable base develops from the first branchial arch. A. True B. False

B. False

Palatal shelf elevation occurs slowly, over the course of several weeks. A. True B. False

B. False

Cleft palate will not occur without cleft lip. A. True B. False

B. False

A cleft may occur in the _______. A. lip B. palate C. mandible D. lip, palate, and mandible

D. lip, palate, and mandible

The thyroid gland descends to the front of the trachea, attached to the tongue by the thyroglossal ________. A. duct B. cyst C. fistula D. swelling

A. duct

The thyroid gland originates from A. foramen cecum. B. muscles of the occipital myotomes. C. the auricular hillocks. D. the palatine shelves.

A. foramen cecum.

The heart begins pumping blood during which week of gestation? A. Fourth B. Fifth C. Sixth D. Seventh

A. Fourth

Development of the upper lip depends on fusion of the philtrum and maxillary processes. A. True B. False

A. True

Each cranial nerve innervates the tongue, EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. V B. VII C. VIII D. X

C. VIII

Which significant change occurs in the fifth prenatal week? A. The heart begins to beat. B. The bilateral placodes develop into nostrils. C. The palatine shelves grow medially and contact the tongue. D. The eyes move from the side of the face to the front of the face.

B. The bilateral placodes develop into nostrils.

The second pharyngeal arch is also known as the __________ arch. A. hyoid B. inferior C. superior D. mandibular

A. hyo